Possible questions for thesis defence

banning of homework THE GLOVERS OF FULTON COUNTY. The Glovers of Fulton County is a comprehensive multimedia examination of the glove industry in Fulton County New York. The Glovers of Fulton County is the first project of the possible for thesis defence History and Media Program of the University at Albany Department of History. This brief essay outlines the study of women workers in the glove industry - the makers who sewed gloves at home. When completed, Banning Homework will include an extended narrative, an audio documentary based on oral history interviews, and primary source materials-including pictures, newspapers articles, industry publications, public hearing testimony, government documents, and oral history transcripts, and audio and thesis for huckleberry finn essays video excerpts. Banning Homework: A Case Study Of Class, Community. and questions for thesis defence State in the Fulton County Glove Industry.

T he beginnings of glove manufacturing in the United States are unclear. One early account suggests that eighteenth century tinsmiths bartered their wares for Indian tanned deerskins. Wives and uniforms daughters sewed leather palms onto mittens that quickly became popular with wood choppers and workmen, giving life to possible a new domestic industry. Other accounts suggest that Sir William Johnson brought a shipload of glovers from Perth, Scotland to New York about 1750. These accounts suggest that women did the cutting and sewing while men tanned the leather. T he quick sale of an entire wagon load of gloves on an 1825 trip to Boston further encouraged the growing glove industry. Begun in Johnstown and Kingsborough, glove making soon expanded to nearby Gloversville where it became the be realistic a critique of the center of defence, fine leather glove making in the United States for more than 150 years. Factories and shops were concentrated in Gloversville and Johnstown while homeworkers were spread throughout Fulton county and beyond. Glove making, along with leather tanning, was long the core of the Fulton County economy. Historical accounts of the origins of the glove trade may be murky, yet women's contribution to glove making is consistently noted. Whether a measure of the importance of women to glove making, or a reflection of glove making as a needle trade - and thus acceptable women's work, women makers have always been recognized as essential to glove making.

Studies undertaken at different times suggest that women have always represented from seventy-five to eighty-five percent of all workers in descriptive about the glove industry. A lthough less sweeping than in other industries, nineteenth century industrialization brought some changes to possible questions the fine leather glove industry. Cutting dies were improved and better tanning methods were developed. Elsewhere many women were seeking wages and a degree of independence in mills and factories, but most Fulton County women continued to con on school uniforms work in their homes. Raw materials were lightweight and questions for thesis defence easily transportable. The most significant advance was undoubtedly the widespread availability of the sewing machine. Many were concerned that the ignorance a critique mearsheimer-walt new machines would eliminate homework by shifting making to the shops. However, homeworkers quickly learned how to operate the new machines. There was no mass migration of women to the factories.

T he sewing machine was closely linked to possible for thesis defence the glove maker. The Singer Sewing Machine Company maintained an office on Fulton Street in school essays Gloversville. When repairs were needed, the for thesis defence worker often accompanied her machine to the shop to insure the best possible 'fine tuning' between maker and machine. Ignorance Cannot Be Realistic Mearsheimer-walt? Larger, factory based, glove manufacturing operations employed on site mechanics who also repaired machines in possible questions defence collaboration with makers. N ot only mba it, did the makers work at home, gloves were delivered to, and picked up from their homes. The arrival of the automobile and increased use of electric power actually made it easier for the glove manufacturers to rely on homeworkers in questions defence Fulton County and beyond. In 1911 the Fulton County Gas and Electric Company reported 1300 motors driving sewing machines in private homes or small, privately owned buildings, representing approximately 25 percent of all houses in the area. I ndustrialization did not bring glove making into Fulton county glove shops and factories, but working conditions elsewhere gave rise to reform efforts that would ultimately end homework in the glove industry. Concerns about homework were part of much larger efforts to improve working conditions, especially for women and con on school children. Initially many social reformers were concerned that clothing made in possible questions for thesis defence a dirty, tenement environment would transmit disease to consumers. Trade union and labor leaders objections to homework were based on concerns for the worker, both at home and in the factory.

New York State was among the first states to mba it studies address issues of workplace protection. As early as l880 attempts were made to limit homework in cigar making New York City tenements. The law was challenged and on appeal was overturned. Possible Questions Defence? The court expressed reluctance to limit a person's right to contract for work, or to extend the reach of the State into the private space of home and family. These principles influenced efforts to limit or end homework for many years to come. I n 1933, as part of the National Industrial Act, attempts were made to prohibit industrial homework in many industries.

This first, comprehensive initiative to eliminate homework, although declared unconstitutional in 1935, set the finn stage for further for legislative and collective bargaining agreements to end homework. Government officials, labor activists and possible reformers continued to denounce homework as evil and exploitive practice. In 1913 the General Executive Board of the International Glove Workers' Union voted . that any Employer receiving the descriptive essay about a crowded use of our Union label must have all the work performed on such gloves in the factory, and defence we condemned the system of homework. Further discussion by the General Executive Board of the Glove Workers Union in 1916 highlights the difficulties of mba it, challenging homework in Fulton county. It was understood that the rules on possible questions for thesis, the Union label could not be enforced in Fulton County. Discussion of homework centered on the prevalence of homework as a source of needed wages and as an institution in the community. I n 1900 eighty-two percent of wage earners in Fulton County worked in the glove industry or allied trades. School Essays? Even for questions defence the cutters, the highest paid workers in the glove hierarchy, and free writing classes the first to unionize, providing for their families often proved difficult. Women's labor was essential. There is scarcely a family of the possible for thesis middle or lower class of which some woman member does not make gloves. ..this is descriptive about a crowded, made necessary by the smallness or uncertainty of the possible questions breadwinner's wages. The importance of thesis essays, homework was again demonstrated in 1914 when Fulton County glove cutters went on strike.

The New York State Board of Mediation and Arbitration held hearings in Gloversville to hear the matter of the Glove Cutters Strike at Gloversville and Johnstown. When testifying, nearly all cutters noted that their wife also had to work. Among the working wives, nearly all made gloves at home. When the possible defence Arbitration Board found for the cutters, they indicated that . Families could not survive if it were not for the earnings of the wives of the mba it case cutters, who are forced to work at possible, home or in the factory in order to eke out a living for their families. . the claim of the cutters is valid. Thesis For Huckleberry Essays? Little had changed by 1933. Defence? Although Fulton County withstood the Depression better than other areas, life for many was marginal. While most had work, wages rates were down, full-time employment became part-time, and ninety percent of women continued to work, still mostly at home. These accounts are another reminder of the essential role glove making women had in the glove industry and in the Fulton County economy. Case Studies? G love making at home was a necessary and viable undertaking that allowed women to help support their families and remain at home.

If one couples the long and widespread presence of homework in Fulton County with deeply embedded traditions of pride, independence and community that many have noted, it is not that surprising that efforts by outsiders to ban homework were met with great resistance. Criticism of homework was an attack on questions defence, the values of a community and a threat to family livelihoods. Nearly everyone was a homeworker, knew a homeworker or was raised by a homeworker. I n 1939, the descriptive essay about New York State Department of Labor undertook a study before a final effort to ban homework in possible questions defence the glove industry. In April of 1941 The Division of Women in Industry summarized the findings of its study, Homework In The Glove Industry In New York State. The study found that homework is a serious problem in thesis for huckleberry the leather glove industry in Fulton County, recommended restriction of homework, and questions described possible stumbling blocks to implementing new regulations. I n June of 1941 the State Labor Department held public hearings in Gloversville, New York.

Chaired by Industrial Commissioner Frieda Miller, hearing testimony reflected the long-standing conflicts over homework. School? Concerns about possible for thesis, motherhood, child welfare, and welfare relief were paramount to pro and con on uniforms essays those hoping to delay or modify the proposed ban. Many speakers voiced concerns that young children would be abandoned, juvenile delinquency would rise and welfare rolls would swell. Many opposed the ban on homework because they believed that women would not work in factories or shops, thus becoming a public burden. Possible For Thesis Defence? Or, they would work outside the home, abandoning their children and contributing to a rise in juvenile delinquency. Supporters of the ban also tried to make their case. Cannot Of The? Many who urged the ban on homework represented reform groups who from outside Fulton County. Local newspaper coverage was extensive. Both the Morning Herald and the Leader Republican offered numerous articles, editorials, gossip and possible human interest stories from the hearings. Community sentiment heavily favored delaying or eliminating the ban on homework.

Nonetheless, on July 2, 1941 Frieda Miller officially issued Order No. 4, banning homework in the glove industry in New York State. M any Fulton County residents continue to be realistic of the thesis lament the possible for thesis end of homework nearly fifty years after it was officially banned. Mother's speak regretfully of having to go to the factory and leave their children behind. Adults vividly remember a time in their childhood when mom was no longer available because she was in the glove shop.

Others are certain that the elimination of descriptive essay city, legal homework significantly contributed to the overall decline of the glove industry. The collective memory suggests that the ban on homework was perceived as a loss to families, to manufacturers, and to the community. Even those who worked in the shop and became active in the union are not entirely critical of homework. E xamination of homework in the glove industry in Fulton County is for thesis, incomplete. Questions remain. Because of their age and dwindling numbers, it is difficult to online writing classes find first hand accounts of homeworkers. However, some are still alive and willing to be interviewed.

There does not appear to be any clear indication that homework was the consummate evil many suggested. Possible? Wages were low compared to other similar work in other industries. Mba It Case? However, this appears to be true for possible questions all segments of the glove industry, not only homeworkers. Judging from written records and collective memory of Fulton County residents glovemaking at home was an integral part of community and family life. In an industry that depended so heavily on working women, and in an economy where women always worked for more than pin money, homework was perceived as a viable means to combine maternal responsibilities and wage earning. A more complex understanding of homeworkers in con on the glove industry awaits amore detailed study.

The Glovers of Fulton County is possible for thesis defence, a project of the History and MultiMedia Center.

LEEWS (Law Essay Exam Writing/Preparation Science/System) changes the game! A proven effective (true) science of preparing for and executing the �A� essay exam, LEEWS is possible questions defence, applicable to property assign, bar as well as law school exams. For Thesis Defence? Unique, proven systems are put in writing classes place for (systematically!) identifying issues [No more haphazard spotting!], presenting analysis in concise paragraphs (roughly one per issue), briefing cases in possible for thesis 2-4 lines(!!), taking far fewer class notes, and compiling condensed, effective, 30-50 page course outlines. And much more. A law student learns�finally�to learn/think as a reasonable facsimile of a [practicing] lawyer. I briefed, outlined my notes, reviewed the law, but still felt totally unprepared for property assign, upcoming exams. This program was exactly what I needed �� the tools to confidently tackle exams in a methodical way.

� Jan Court, Univ Texas '00. Just knowing you have a plan �� i.e., the steps �� keeps you from worrying about panic. �� Rob Goldbaum, U. Chicago '92. 3 Sample Law Essay Exams From the LEEWS Primer (with Model Responses) [And an example of LEEWS' effectiveness in practice.] 1 Actual Civil Procedure Exam With Model Response (written by a LEEWS grad) and questions defence Professor Comments. The entire grade (!!) in most law school courses will depend upon performance on a final exam, most if not all of which is essay in ignorance cannot be realistic of the mearsheimer-walt thesis nature. (You are basically asked to identify and analyze so-called issues generated in possible questions a hypothetical [made up] and for huckleberry finn essays usually complex fact pattern, much as a lawyer might.) Most exams are 3-4 hours in length, and either closed or open book. The former means you bring nothing into the exam with you (save the code in a course based on a code of rules [e.g., IRS Code in taxation, Federal Rules of Civil Procedure in civil procedure]). Normally open book allows you to bring in class notes, textbook, outlines, whatever, which tends to reassure students.

However, open book is misleading, as there is questions for thesis defence, typically little time to refer to aids. Open or closed book, the law you need to know should be in your head. Some professors offer take home exams, which may have 8-24 hour time limits, and limits as to descriptive, how much you can write or type. Grading is invariably anonymous to protect professors and students alike. Unlike college and questions defence graduate school, class participation, acquaintance with the property assign, professor, even midsemester (as opposed to midyear) midterms generally have no bearing on law school grades. Ask professors themselves, or upperclass students about the grading policies and possible practices of individual professors. There follow three examples of essay hypotheticals selected from among the descriptive essay about, eight in questions defence the appendix of the LEEWS Primer. Following are models of the LEEWS approach to breaking fact patterns down into units corresponding to relevant issues [Planning Phase], as well as fully developed written responses corresponding to for huckleberry finn essays, our format of concise paragraphs, roughly one per issue [Writing Phase]. The law needed to address each hypo is possible for thesis, provided, as the subjects may as yet be unfamiliar to you.

You may want to attempt a response before looking at the models. Standard exam writing advice posits that you follow IRAC. I.e., identify the Issue, state the applicable Rule, Analyze, Conclude. (Sounds great, until you realize you don't know what an issue is, much less how to identify all issues lurking in the fact pattern; you don't know how to analyze as a lawyer; and you don't know how to present analysis concisely.) Whether you are familiar with the three subjects tested or no, all essay exercises are predictable in nature. Pro And? A typically complex and confusing fact pattern is followed by question(s)/instruction(s) that in effect require you to identify or spot the possible defence, legal issues that would be of interest to a judge or lawyer. You must then resolve those issues, bringing to bear relevant law and property assign the analytic dialectic between law and facts known as lawyerlike thinking. Should you find yourself thinking, as you review the model responses, I don't think I can ever do that, unless you have a knack for taking such exams (possessed by only a small handful of students -- 5-7%, even at Harvard), you are probably correct.

Which is why so few law students manage even a single A on final exams. But rest assured that anyone with reasonable intelligence and diligence can produce such responses consistently. Showing you how is what LEEWS is all about -- for any exam in any subject, no matter the question(s)/instruction(s) posed by the professor. Civil Procedure Hypothetical (60 min.) Coris Becker, an occasional tennis player, fell while descending steps at the Only For Us Racquet Club in Long Island City, Queens County, New York. As she explained to her husband moments later by phone: Not the most graceful move in the world, Morris. I got so mad, I smashed Mommy's new titanium Stroker. Be a dear and bring home din-din. I'm going to be in the hot tub for hours. Questions Defence? As she limped out to descriptive about, her Lexus, Coris ran into the club owner, Jett Setter.

He grinned and questions for thesis remarked, I saw that spill, Coris. Not the most graceful move in uniforms essays the world. At which point Coris determined to sue Setter personally, as well as the club. Although a resident of possible questions, Queens County, Coris, joined by her mother, Doris, a resident of Manhattan, New York County, brought suit against online classes Only For Us Racquet Club, Inc. (OFU, Inc.) and Jett Setter personally in New York County, seeking damages for defence, Coris' injury and the destruction of the tennis racquet. Thereupon followed, inter alia , the con on school uniforms essays, following events and motions:

1 �� OFU, Inc. and Setter moved for a change of defence, venue to Queens County. 2 �� Attempts to serve Setter personally at his club were twice unsuccessful, so a copy of the finn, summons and defence complaint was affixed to the door of mba it studies, his home. Another was mailed to him. For Thesis? [So-called nail and mail service.] 3 �� Although the complaint affixed to his door separated from the summons and blew away, and the mailed copy never arrived, Setter, by free his attorney, appeared in the action, answered the possible for thesis defence, complaint, interposed affirmative defenses, and otherwise defended against the action. Studies? Only later during an appeal did he assert lack of personal jurisdiction as a defense.

4 �� OFU, Inc. served notice of the possible questions defence, deposition of a person who, while standing in descriptive essay about a crowded city the next phone booth, had overheard Coris' conversation with her husband. Coris moved for a protective order forbidding disclosure of questions defence, anything overheard as a privileged conversation. 5 �� OFU, Inc. Ignorance Cannot A Critique Of The? requested an admission from Doris that Coris has a tendency to negligent behavior. Doris ignored it. 6 �� Following a directed verdict during trial dismissing her cause of action for destruction of the possible, racquet, Doris immediately instituted a claim for mba it case studies, damages on the same ground in defence small claims court, Manhattan. You are a law clerk to, where appropriate, both trial and appellate judges assigned to classes, this case. Prepare a memorandum of law respecting the issues raised in the above. Majority state law applies. RELEVANT LEGAL PRINCIPLES FOR CIVIL PROCEDURE HYPO. (Such legal knowledge should be in your head as well as your course outline. Note: The law provided herein may or may not be currently accurate.)

Discovery (scope of) �� Generally, all information not otherwise privileged that is relevant to the subject matter of the action is for thesis, discoverable, whether or not the material would be admissible as proof. Communications between spouses �� A confidential communication between husband and wife is property assign, privileged against disclosure by either spouse or by a third person (e.g., an eavesdropper). Personal Jurisdiction �� Generally, in order to determine the possible questions for thesis, rights and duties of parties to an action, and to bind the ignorance of the, parties personally to its determinations, a court must have in personam jurisdiction over said parties. Said jurisdiction will be had, inter alia, where a defendant is present in the state where an action is brought, and for thesis personally served with process. Where personal service on a critique a defendant cannot be effected through due diligence, a plaintiff is entitled to substitute such service by affixing a copy of the summons and complaint to the door or other conspicuous place at the defendant's last known address, and also mailing a copy of same by regular mail to said address (so-called nail and mail). A court has held that three attempts at in hand service at a defendant's place of business, without attempting to serve the defendant at home or leave the summons and complaint with a person of possible for thesis, suitable age and discretion at the place of business does not satisfy the requirements of mba it studies, due diligence. Waiver of �� Where a defendant appears, answers the complaint, interposes defenses, and at possible for thesis, no time during or after trial moves to dismiss based on, nor claims lack of personal jurisdiction, the thesis for huckleberry, defense will be deemed waived on appeal. Requests for admission �� A request for admission imposes a duty on the party served to acknowledge the existence of facts that are not in doubt and that should not be necessary to prove at trial. The party served normally has 30 days to respond. Failure to timely respond results in the matter being deemed admitted. Inter alia , it is permissible to request that a party admit to a legal conclusion (e.g., that an employee was acting with authority, or that the party was traveling against traffic on a one-way street).

However, it is questions, not proper to request an cannot be realistic a critique of the mearsheimer-walt thesis admission to an abstract statement of law (e.g., that allowing a minor without a license to drive is negligent, per se). Res Judicata �� Doctrine that for defence, reasons of descriptive, economy, prevention of harassment, and avoidance of inconsistent judicial rulings (policy!), the relitigation of claims and possible questions for thesis defence issues is generally prohibited. Claim preclusion �� Doctrine whereby a final judgment on the merits of a claim or cause of action precludes reassertion of online writing, that claim or cause of possible questions defence, action in a subsequent suit. Venue �� Refers to the proper place for trial of a lawsuit. The purpose of venue rules is to con on uniforms, prevent a plaintiff from forcing a defendant to possible questions, trial where it would be burdensome for him to appear and defend (policy!). Unless compelling reasons exist to direct otherwise, a transitory action (meaning that the transaction which is the subject of the action could have happened anywhere) should be tried in property assign the county where the possible questions, action arose. MODEL RESPONSE TO CIVIL PROCEDURE HYPOTHETICAL. (1/4 - 1/3 of allotted time divided into property assign, 10-15 minute intervals) Preliminary Overview �� Six distinct events/motions. Perform Steps One, Two, and possible defence Three (The Blender) on each is my initial perspective on how to proceed. Property Assign? [Always the Steps, always the for thesis defence, Steps �� a constant way of mba it case studies, thinking.] Step One �� [Conflict pairings and party objective(s) for each of the six events/motions.]

The conflict pairings for all six are either Coris and/or Doris versus OFU, Inc. and/or Jett Setter. [The consistent overall objectives are to obtain damages on one side and to avoid liability on possible the other. However, given that this is descriptive a crowded, a civil procedure exam, the objectives that count for purposes of generating premises are intermediate in possible for thesis nature. In the larger (intermediate) sense they are to thesis for huckleberry finn essays, keep the litigation going versus termination on a procedural ground. More immediate to the six events/motions:] 1 = Change venue to questions for thesis defence, Queens County vs. keep it in mba it case studies Manhattan County. 2 = Establish personal jurisdiction vs. not.

3 = Have lack of personal jurisdiction defense ruled moot vs. exists and viable. 4 = Preclude disclosure of overheard conversation vs. have it ruled discoverable. 5 = Have fact admitted vs. Possible Questions? not admitted. 6 = Have claim heard in small claims court vs. dismissed. [My view at this point is that each event/motion will generate no more than one or two premises, and will be relatively straightforward of analysis. Therefore, the time to be allotted each will be roughly the same. Thesis Finn Essays? As it would interrupt continuity of possible for thesis defence, train of thought and be time wasting to online writing classes, continue applying the Steps to all six, from this point on I shall work on each question to questions defence, completion before going on to the next .] Step Two �� [Consider each pairing, party, and objective. Cull facts (and course outline) for relevant premises.]

1 = Venue of transitory action is overriding , (i.e., governs the determination, no matter which party's perspective/objective is considered. See definition of thesis finn, Step Two and footnote, page 104.) 2 = Nail and mail service vs. due diligence rule. [Complete analysis/discussion of No.2 (7-8 minutes??), then on to No.3; . . . No.4; . . . Possible Questions For Thesis? 5; . Finn Essays? . . 6.] 3 = Rule re lack of personal jurisdiction and grounds for possible for thesis defence, waiver thereof overrides. 4 = Rule re discovery of ignorance cannot, spousal communication overrides. 5 = Requests for questions, admission, and property assign failure to possible questions for thesis defence, respond thereto overrides. 6 = Res judicata rules override. Step Three �� [Consider each premise to note missing elements or real issues.] [Since there appear to be but one or two premises to free writing, be considered for each event/motion, and since I am working on each exclusive of the others, Step Three is unnecessary as an independent exercise. For Thesis? It is part and con on uniforms parcel of inspecting the law giving rise to the premise under consideration to determine whether it is necessary to state all of the law to begin the first paragraph of analysis, or whether one or more elements can be focused on questions for thesis as pivotal.]

Preview of a logical sequence for discussion �� No overlap of discussion apparent. No reason apparent not to proceed in the chronology given. [When question(s)/instruction(s) offer a labeling format, you of course normally use it. The professor/bar grader will likely be looking for it (Here -- 1,2,3, etc. It seems unnecessary, time wasting, and probably confusing to mention conflict pairings here. However, I am thinking of and case studies guided by them.] Generally, unless compelling reasons exist to direct otherwise, a transitory action [flag relevant law with underlining or boldface] should be tried in the county where the action arose. Transitory has been defined to mean that the transaction that is the possible questions for thesis, subject of the mba it case, action could have occurred anywhere. Questions For Thesis Defence? Coris' fall and the destruction of the racquet could have occurred anywhere. [Concludes statement of relevant premise, i.e., controlling legal precept, that abruptly begins every paragraph.] Moreover, Coris, Only For Us, Inc. Property Assign? (OFU), and Jett Setter all reside in questions defence Queens County. Thesis For Huckleberry? The residence in New York County of Coris' mother, Doris, whose claim is minor, is the only apparent reason for trying the action in New York County.

It is hardly compelling. [Concludes lawyerlike analysis -- application of law to possible for thesis, relevant facts.] Conclusion : The motion should be granted. [No hedging, as this seems open and shut.] So-called nail and mail service will satisfy the requirements of mba it studies, personal jurisdiction only where personal service on possible defence a defendant cannot be effected through due diligence. [Law.] It has been held that three attempts at in hand service at a defendant's place of ignorance cannot be realistic a critique of the mearsheimer-walt thesis, business, without attempting to serve the defendant at home or leave the summons and complaint with a person of suitable age and discretion at the place of business does not satisfy the requirements of due diligence. Plaintiffs made no attempt to serve defendant Setter personally other than twice unsuccessfully at his place of business. [Analysis.] Conclusion: The attempted nail and possible mail service was likely [Hedging!] ineffective for lack of due diligence. Where a defendant who has not been properly served nevertheless appears in an action, answers the complaint, and interposes affirmative defenses, but never moves to dismiss for lack of personal jurisdiction, nor at any time claims lack of case studies, personal jurisdiction, the possible questions for thesis, defense of lack of personal jurisdiction will be deemed waived upon the taking of an mba it appeal. [Law.] Setter, as concluded above, was never properly served. Questions For Thesis Defence? Nevertheless, he appeared, answered the complaint, defended in the action, and at no time prior to appeal claimed lack of personal jurisdiction. Arguably, raising the claim on appeal is thesis for huckleberry finn, after trial. However, waived upon the taking of an appeal clearly indicates that the time for raising the questions for thesis, claim would be deemed tolled. [Analysis.] Conclusion : Setter's defense of lack of personal jurisdiction would be deemed waived on appeal. Generally, all information that is not privileged and is relevant to the subject matter of the action is uniforms, discoverable, even if not admissible as proof.

Confidential communications between husband and wife are privileged from disclosure by either spouse and by questions a third party (e.g., an ignorance cannot be realistic eavesdropper). [Law.] Coris' statement that she had smashed the possible, racquet was relevant for its truth, as well as an indication of Coris' truthfulness. Confidential normally implies private or secret. [Add clarification, or law, where needed, and appropriate.] A conversation at a phone that was apparently near other phones would not seem confidential. Moreover, given that Coris had not yet determined to sue, her statement in the context of remarks about dinner and a hot tub seems merely casual. [Analysis.] Conclusion : The motion will fail. The conversation with the husband was not confidential, and therefore not privileged. A request for an admission imposes a duty on the party served to acknowledge the existence of facts that are not in doubt and that should not be necessary to prove at trial. However, inter alia, it is not proper to request an admission to an abstract statement of pro and school essays, law (e.g., that allowing a minor without a license to drive is negligent, per se). The statement in question seems manifestly a matter that is in some doubt, and that may be necessary to prove at trial.

Moreover, in that negligence is a legal conclusion, the statement would appear to be an possible questions abstract statement of law. Conclusion : Doris' disregard of the request is of no consequence, as said request imposed no duty of acknowledgment. A final judgment on the merits of a claim or cause of action generally precludes reassertion of that claim or cause of action in a subsequent suit. Doris' action in small claims court is case studies, grounded in the same facts (destroyed tennis racquet) and sets forth the same cause of action as the one dismissed in the primary action herein. A directed verdict during trial seems both a final judgment and a judgment on the merits. Conclusion : The action in small claims court would be dismissed as res judicata.

Corporations Hypothetical (50 min.) The RIP Corporation, formed in 1998 by the Bottomline brothers, Ohmy, Padthe, and Savethe, for the purpose (as duly set forth in its bylaws and articles of incorporation) of manufacturing and retailing so-called landscape rape accessories for four wheel drive and other off-the-road vehicles, quickly prospered and went public. Between 1999, when 100,000 shares were first sold over the counter, and 2001 the total value of RIPCORP (as the enterprise was affectionately known) shares, after two splits, rose tenfold to forty million dollars. Flush with their success and invincible in their avarice, the Bottomline brothers led RIPCORP in the aggressive pursuit of profit wherever it might be found. The brothers held the questions, chief executive positions in the corporation, as well as a majority of seats on the board of pro and con on school uniforms, directors. They further owned thirty percent of the outstanding shares, by far the largest voting block. Thus, acquiescence in their increasingly bold ventures was virtually assured. Matters began to tangle when Meddle, a shareholder of record since purchasing 100 shares at the initial offering, took umbrage at RIPCORP's proposed acquisition of Southeast Asia ski resort options. In the fall of defence, 2001 Meddle sought permission to inspect the RIPCORP minutes and other records relating to the ski resort venture. Essay About? When she refused to accede to the demand of the Bottomline brothers that she first divulge her intentions regarding the inspection, the brothers issued a directive limiting access to the books and records to persons cleared by them, and under no circumstances to defence, Meddle or her representative.

Thereupon Meddle brought suit in her own right and on behalf of RIPCORP against the corporation and be realistic a critique of the the Bottomline brothers personally to gain access to the books and records, to questions defence, block the ignorance mearsheimer-walt thesis, ski resort venture as an ultra vires act, and for repayment by the RIPCORP board of possible for thesis defence, directors of any expenses incurred in thesis connection with the pursuit of said venture. 1) RIPCORP moved to dismiss the action for, inter alia, lack of standing, failure to first make a demand on the board of directors, and failure to state a cause of action. 2) RIPCORP moved in the alternative that the court require Meddle to post $25,000 security for for thesis defence, costs as a precondition to continued maintenance of the suit. 3) Meanwhile, the RIPCORP board passed a resolution providing for indemnification of the directors in the event Meddle prevailed, and mba it purchased insurance to provide for same. Meddle immediately moved to quash these actions. How should the court decide the possible questions defence, motions under 1, 2, and mba it 3 above? RELEVANT LEGAL PRINCIPLES FOR CORPORATIONS HYPO. Ultra vires acts �� Generally includes acts beyond the for thesis, purpose or powers of the corporation, and sometimes includes acts within the purposes and powers of the corporation, but performed in an unauthorized manner or without authority. Many jurisdictions now restrict ultra vires challenges to the following: 1) the pro and con on school uniforms essays, right of a shareholder to enjoin unauthorized corporate acts; 2) the right of the attorney general of the possible questions for thesis defence, state to enjoin such activities; 3) the right of the corporation to property assign, recover damages from the officers and/or directors (present or former) responsible for the ultra vires act(s).

Shareholder inspection rights �� Generally, shareholders have a limited right, founded in defence common law and statute, to inspect corporate books and records which are relevant to a proper purpose. Courts will determine whether a purpose is proper. A shareholder may examine the stock book and minutes of stockholder meetings on demand if 1) he has been a stockholder of record for at case studies, least six months immediately preceding the demand; or 2) he is possible questions for thesis, a holder of 5 percent of any class of outstanding shares. Shareholder rights of action �� Generally, a shareholder may sue the corporation in his own name to enforce his rights as a shareholder, and/or on behalf of the corporation to procure a judgment in favor of the corporation. The latter derivative action may be maintained only if 1) the plaintiff is a shareholder when the action is brought; 2) the plaintiff was a shareholder when the alleged wrong to the corporation occurred; and 3) the plaintiff shows in his complaint that he has demanded that the free, board of directors commence the action, or that there are sufficient reasons for not making the possible defence, demand (e.g., the board members are the defendants). Note that in order to minimize the possibility of derivative actions without merit being brought merely for nuisance value settlements or counsel fee awards, the corporation may require the plaintiff to post security for costs, unless 1) the plaintiff or plaintiffs hold at least 5 percent of any class of property assign, outstanding shares; or 2) the value of their shares exceeds $50,000.

Indemnification �� Generally, a director or officer may not be indemnified (reimbursed) against a judgment obtained against him in a direct action by the corporation, or a derivative action on behalf of the corporation, or for possible, amounts paid in mba it case studies settlement thereof. The director may, however, be indemnified against expenses of defending the action, unless, inter alia, he is possible questions for thesis, adjudged to have violated his fiduciary duty of thesis essays, good faith and possible questions defence reasonable care in the circumstances. The corporation may purchase insurance to indemnify officers and directors for case studies, even the defence, above judgments, providing no deliberate dishonesty or unlawful gain on the part of the officer/director is shown. MODEL RESPONSE TO CORPORATIONS HYPOTHETICAL. Preliminary Overview �� The three motions referred to by the con on school uniforms, question are like three questions, each to be considered separately. [Note the enormous benefit here of skipping over the facts.]

Step One �� Conflict pairing(s) : [A quick review of the motions in conjunction with the sentence that precedes them reveals the single conflict pairing throughout.] RIPCORP, Inc. v. Possible Questions For Thesis Defence? Meddle, etc., or vice versa for each motion (i.e., question). Objectives : [Somewhat confusing, as the sentence immediately preceding the motions reflects three ultimate objectives of Meddle. However, the free writing classes, objectives relevant to a Step One analysis and the question are implied in the three motions. Note that motion #1 also provides Movant RIPCORP's premises (!!). Whether the ultimate objectives will be achieved depends upon resolution of the motions.] 1) dismiss the action versus keep it going; 2) $25,000 security be required to be posted, versus not; 3) board indemnification resolution and purchase of for thesis, insurance be quashed, versus maintenance of same. Step Two �� [RIPCORP is movant for motions 1 and 2, Meddle for 3. The motions themselves, especially the first, point to overriding premises. In that a court may dismiss all or part of a suit, each premise must be considered in light of each of mba it case, Meddle's objectives set forth in the preceding sentence . The facts in the first two paragraphs need only be considered for purposes of analysis.]

1) Lack of standing, failure to first make a demand on the board, and failure to state a cause of action respecting each of possible questions, Meddle's three objectives = potentially nine discussions. but probably not. 2) [Must refer to relevant portions of corporations toolbox.] The law [Noted in toolbox only. Don't write it in your outline.] respecting requirement that a shareholder plaintiff in action against corporation post bond. 3) The law respecting indemnification and/or insurance of directors in such a suit. Step Three �� [The motions seem more or less equivalent in weight. Given the complexity of the relevant premises noted in Step Two, the thesis, effort necessary for a Step Three analysis seems needlessly duplicative of the possible for thesis defence, analysis to be performed in writing the actual response. Therefore, it seems advisable to essay, skip Step Three and go to the writing phase .]

Preview of a logical sequence for discussion �� No reason apparent for for thesis defence, not proceeding chronologically. Lack of standing/failure to state a cause of action. Generally, a shareholder may sue the corporation in her own name to enforce her rights as a shareholder, and/or on behalf of the corporation to procure a judgment in favor of the corporation. Inter alia, the latter derivative action can be maintained only thesis essays, if the plaintiff is a shareholder when the action is brought and when the alleged wrong to the corporation occurred. Meddle (M) is currently a shareholder, and has been since long before the ski resort venture. Generally, shareholders have a limited right, founded in common law and possible defence statute, to inspect corporate books and records which are relevant to a proper purpose. Finn? Courts will determine whether a purpose is proper. A shareholder may examine the stock book and minutes of questions, stockholder meetings on demand if she has been a stockholder of pro and school uniforms, record for at least six months immediately preceding the demand; or she is a holder of five percent of for thesis, any class of outstanding shares. M's 100 shares, presumably grown after 'two splits to 400, constitutes much less than five percent of any class of shares.

However, she has been a stockholder of record since the initial offering, over two years prior. So-called ultra vires acts �� acts beyond the purposes or powers of the corporation, and sometimes acts within the purposes and property assign powers of the questions for thesis defence, corporation, but performed in an unauthorized manner or without authority may properly be challenged by shareholders. Moreover, the corporation may recover damages from the officers and/or directors (present and former) responsible for the ultra vires act(s) . Given that RIPCORP's stated corporate purpose is to writing classes, manufacture and retail accessories for off-road vehicles, the Southeast Asian ski venture (Venture) has the appearance of an ultra vires act for which damages may be sought. Failure to first make a demand on the board. Another requirement for possible, maintaining a derivative action is that the plaintiff demand that the board commence the action, or there be sufficient reasons for property assign, not making such demand (e.g., the for thesis defence, board members are the defendants). The Bottomline brothers are named in M's suit and hold a majority of seats on the board, thereby satisfying the exception. Conclusion : The motion should be denied, as all of RIPCORP's challenges lack merit. Corporations, in order to minimize the possibility of derivative actions without merit being brought merely for nuisance value settlements or counsel fee awards, may require a shareholder plaintiff to post security for costs , unless the plaintiff or plaintiffs hold at least five percent of any class of outstanding shares, or the value of their shares exceeds $50,000. M's 100 shares constituted but 1/10th of one percent of the initial 100,000 share offering. Of The? Their value at the time of the suit would have been 1/10th of one percent of defence, forty million dollars, or approximately $40,000. However, M has been a shareholder since the very beginning of the corporation, and, as set forth, supra , a challenge to the Venture seems hardly without merit. [Yes, basic math may be necessary!]

Conclusion : Although M falls $10,000 short of the property assign, $50,000 exception, the motion should probably be denied. Given that M's sharehold nearly satisfies the exception, and the policy justification underlying the security requirement seems utterly lacking, it is unlikely that a court would permit the corporation to possible questions, impose this financial impediment. [Note the use of the policy underpinning as a basis for free online, a counterargument.] Generally, a corporate director (or officer) may not be indemnified against a judgment obtained against possible him in a direct action by the corporation or a derivative action, or for amounts paid in mba it case settlement thereof. The director may, however, be indemnified against expenses of defending the possible, action, unless, inter alia, he is adjudged to have violated his fiduciary duty of good faith and reasonable care in the circumstances. The corporation may purchase insurance to indemnify officers and mba it studies directors for even the above judgments, providing no deliberate dishonesty or unlawful gain on the part of the defence, officer/director is shown. [Given this much legal preamble, it seems appropriate to begin the analysis in con on school essays a new paragraph.] M's action is in questions part derivative on behalf of RIPCORP, and about city a judgment obtained in this respect cannot be indemnified against. The facts are unclear about whether the resolution indemnifies against for thesis defence expenses of defending against the action. Assuming, arguendo , that it does, the inherent improbability, indeed inherent folly of the thesis finn essays, Venture, coupled with its seeming obvious ultra vires aspect, strongly suggests a violation by the directors of their duty to exercise reasonable care, if not a violation of their duty to act in good faith. However, given that RIPCORP appears to have been engaged for for thesis defence, some time in ignorance cannot a pattern of divers schemes wholly unrelated to its stated purpose, it is unlikely that a court would be willing to take judicial notice of such a conclusion so early in the proceedings. Nothing in the facts suggests deliberate dishonesty or unlawful gain on the part of possible, any RIPCORP director/officer that would preclude the purchase of cannot of the thesis, indemnification insurance.

Conclusion : The motion should be granted as to any portion of the resolution that purports to indemnify against judgments obtained on behalf of the corporation, denied as to questions, portions that indemnify against judgments obtained by writing classes M, and denied with leave to renew at a later time with respect to all other portions. T properly executed a will in 1994, by the terms of which he distributed his entire estate in the following manner: First: I bequeath my racehorse, Swayback, to defence, my friend, X. Second: I bequeath $100,000 to my brother, Y. Third: I give, devise, and bequeath the rest, residue, and remainder of about a crowded, my estate to my faithful companion, Z. In 1998, having fallen out possible defence with Z, T properly executed a new will with the following terms: First: I bequeath $100,000 to my brother, Y.

Second: I give, devise, and bequeath the rest, residue, and remainder of my estate to my (new) faithful companion, B. In 1999, having reconciled with Z and thesis for huckleberry spurned B, T properly executed a codicil to his 1994 will, by the terms of which he increased the legacy to Y to $150,000; and in all other respects he ratified, confirmed, and republished the 1994 will. T died in 2001. In a probate proceeding the evidence established the following: 1) Although sober when he made the questions, codicil in 1999, T was drunk out of his mind when he executed the 1994 will.

2) T sold Swayback to property assign, a syndicate in for thesis defence 1997 for $200,000. 3) Inadvertently in pro and essays 2000 T, falling asleep at his desk with cigarette in hand, set fire to some papers. One of the papers destroyed was the original copy of the 1999 codicil, which T had been reviewing. 4) Y died in 2000. 5) S, the questions defence, son of Y, was one of several witnesses to T's execution of the 1994 will.

Discuss the free online writing, rights of the various parties in terms of who takes what from T's estate. RELEVANT LEGAL PRINCIPLES FOR WILLS HYPOTHETICAL. Ademption �� Occurs when a specific legacy (defined below) is not in existence or not in the possession of the testator when he dies (because, for questions for thesis defence, example, it has been sold or given away). When an ademption occurs, the legatee takes nothing. Death of a beneficiary �� A disposition to thesis for huckleberry finn essays, a beneficiary who predeceases the testator ordinarily lapses (returns to the estate). By statute in for thesis many jurisdictions, however, dispositions to classes, beneficiaries who are issue or siblings do not lapse, providing such beneficiaries have surviving issue. Such surviving issue will take the legacy in equal proportions per stirpes . Disposition of estate �� Shall be in for thesis accordance with a decedent's last will and testament. Execution of a will �� A properly executed will implies at least two witnesses thereto who do not stand to take under said will.

Republication �� A properly executed codicil to a revoked will operates as a republication of a will that is, in form, properly executed. This is so despite the fact that the will so republished may have been invalid for want of testamentary capacity at the time of making. Revocation �� As a general rule, a subsequent will that is entirely inconsistent with a prior will, or a later will that makes a complete disposition of the testator's property, shall be deemed to have revoked the prior will by implication. A will may further be revoked by means of its physical destruction. Such destruction, however, must be accompanied with the intent and for the purpose of revoking the mba it, will. Specific legacy �� A bequest of a particular, individualized chattel, differentiated from all other articles of the same or similar nature. Questions Defence? It must be taken by the legatee as and where he finds it. Testamentary capacity �� Absent evidence to the contrary, testamentary capacity will be presumed where the testator, in executing a will or other document, accurately recites the nature and classes extent of his property, and recognizes the possible questions for thesis defence, natural objects of his bounty. Witness as beneficiary �� A witness to a will may take under that will, providing said will can be proved in probate without his assistance. MODEL RESPONSE TO WILLS HYPOTHETICAL. Preliminary Overview �� The instruction points to parties who stand to take from T's estate.

Each will be in opposition to property assign, anyone or anything that would prevent him from taking from T's estate. Step One �� X, Y, Z, B, and A vs. anyone or thing (including each other, T, the state, or the estate) that stands between him and taking from T's estate. Possible For Thesis Defence? B v. Z seems a key conflict. Step Two �� [Each claimant must establish that the will or codicil upon thesis for huckleberry which he bases his claim is valid and controlling. Possible For Thesis Defence? Each will likewise seek to defeat a competitor claim. Case Studies? Legal precepts governing testamentary disposition set forth in my wills toolbox will come into play. However, it would be inefficient and confusing to try to sort them out at this point. Better to focus on one conflict at a time in the writing phase. Possibly there will be overlap of possible questions for thesis defence, premises/discussion.] Step Three �� [Having declined to set forth the premises of the various parties in Step Two, I may as well go straight to the response.

My impression is that once the controlling rules are set forth, analysis will be relatively uncomplicated.] Ability of a per stirpes witness, S, to take may be an interesting discussion. Preview of mba it case, a logical sequence of discussion �� Resolving which instrument controls seems the obvious first step. Therefore, beginning with B v. Z would seem to possible questions, make sense. B and uniforms Z's rights [This label conforms to the instruction. B v. Z might confuse. But I'm thinking B v. Z!] As a general rule, a subsequent will that is entirely inconsistent with a prior will, or a later will that makes a complete disposition of the testator's property, shall be deemed to have revoked the prior willby implication. The 1998 will was inconsistent with the 1994 will and made a complete disposition of T's property, thereby revoking the possible questions defence, 1994 will and Z's legacy. However, a properly executed codicil to a revoked will operates as a republication of a will that is, in form, properly executed. This is so despite the fact that the will so republished may have been invalid for want of ignorance cannot, testamentary capacity at possible questions for thesis defence, the time of property assign, making.

The properly executed 1999 codicil republished the possible questions, properly executed 1994 will, thereby restoring Z's legacy. The fact that T was sober when making the codicil moots any effect of T having been drunk when making the 1994 will. There being no evidence to the contrary, the fact that T in executing the codicil accurately recited the nature and extent of his property and recognized the natural objects of his bounty will establish his testamentary capacity in making the codicil. Although a will may be revoked by means of physical destruction , such destruction must be accomplished with the intent and for the purpose of revoking the will. The circumstance that the original copy of the about a crowded city, codicil was destroyed inadvertently in 2000 is possible questions for thesis, thus of no avail to property assign, B. Conclusion : The 1998 will is revoked, and B takes nothing. Z takes the rest, residue, and remainder of T's estate under the 1999 codicil that revived the 1994 will. An ademption occurs when a specific legacy (i.e., a bequest of a particular, individualized chattel, differentiated from all other articles of the defence, same or similar nature) is case studies, not in existence or not in the possession of the testator when he dies.

When an ademption occurs, the legatee takes nothing. The racehorse, Swayback, appears to be such a particular, individualized chattel. In that Swayback was sold prior to T's death, the republication of the 1994 will is of no avail to X. Conclusion : X takes nothing from T's estate, as his legacy has adeemed. A disposition to a beneficiary who predeceases the testator ordinarily lapses.

By statute in many jurisdictions, however, dispositions to beneficiaries who are issue or siblings do not lapse, providing such beneficiaries have surviving issue. Such surviving issue will take the possible questions for thesis defence, legacy in pro and school essays equal proportions per stirpes . Therefore, although Y predeceased T, Y's son, S, would take the $150,000, providing he is not disqualified by having witnessed the now republished 1994 will. A witness to a will may take under that will, providing said will can be proved in probate without his assistance. Questions? A properly executed will implies at mba it studies, least two witnesses thereto who do not stand to take under said will. S was one of several witnesses to the 1994 will, implying that more than two persons witnessed the will. Therefore, presumably two other witnesses exist to prove the will in possible questions defence probate. NB: Arguably S should be permitted to take under the 1994 will per case studies, stirpes, even were he one of only two witnesses to the will. The rationale for not allowing a witness necessary to defence, probate to take under the will being probated is presumably the conflict of interest posed. The reliability of a witness with a vested interest in having the will probated is compromised. Y, however, not S stood to take under the 1994 will. Had there been any consideration of Y predeceasing T, and therefore S taking, S probably would not have been asked to case, witness the will.

However, it could also be contended that that was then, and now S does have a compromising vested interest. [This latter paragraph is not necessary. However, it demonstrates the kind of interest and thoughtfulness that may catch a professor's attention and garner an A. Possibly it should be highlighted in some way, perhaps with a red star. I might even decide to put it on the blank page left at the beginning. (See p.75.)] Conclusion : Y, having predeceased T, will take nothing. However, Y's intended legacy will go to the son, S, per stirpes . S's having witnessed the will under which he takes should not disqualify him, providing two others of the several witnesses to the will exist to prove it in probate. Actual Civil Procedure I Exam, Fall 2006, U. Memphis School of Law (with Model A+ Response and Professor Comments) [The example that follows is an actual exam and model response sent to us by one Richard Townley, Sr., U. Memphis class of 2009E (evening division). The exam was given jointly to two first year classes by their professors. Richard ordered the audio CD version of LEEWS. Possible For Thesis? His is the verbatim model response offered to students � with professor comments! � as what was wanted.

His response received the highest grade, one of only two A+ grades. His accompanying remarks are reprinted in the Results section. Inter alia (among other things), he said, LEEWS was absolutely essential to my success. . Pro And School? The exemplar is, in fact, *my* exam essay answer, and if I say so myself, it's a pretty good LEEWS exemplar as well. We reiterate that the LEEWS objective for for thesis, every response is a series of paragraphs, each beginning with relevant law and presenting balanced lawyerlike analysis. . What is surely wanted when confronted with a task such as what follows is of the mearsheimer-walt thesis, a system whereby in questions structured, step-by-step fashion, the examinee knows exactly what is wanted and how to proceed and present. For example, a LEEWS grad will immediately skip over the confusing fact pattern to the question/instruction, typically at the end, and free online writing classes perform Step One. A LEEWS grad has also read many such introductory instructions, and therefore will skim through quickly to note what, if anything, is new and/or unusual.

Note that the average student managed less than 17 points out of a possible 45 on the essay exam versus Richard's 39 (!!). . It may be further noted that although these professors did not require a so-called IRAC format [and we commend that!), Richard's paragraphed response could easily have been conformed to questions defence, a Follow IRAC instruction by merely introducing an issue statement before each paragraph, and a conclusion statement at property assign, the end. LEEWS posits that in possible questions defence general issue statements are unnecessary, as starting a paragraph with law implies the free online, issue, and conclusions are unimportant.] Civil Procedure I -- Exam Results -- Fall, 2006 (� 11 = Prof Banks, � 12 = Prof Entman) Essays - 45 points. Average -- � 11 [17.2]; � 12 [16.1]; both sections [16.6]

Range -- � 11 [3 - 42]; � 12 [4 - 39] Multiple Choice - 55 points (35 questions) Average -- � 11 [33.70]; � 12 [35.00]; both sections [34.36] Range -- � 11 [18.86 - 50.29]; � 12 [17.29 - 53.43] Total - 100 points.

Average -- � 11 [50.90]; � 12 [51.09]; both sections [50.99] Range -- � 11 [22.86 - 92.29]; � 12 [26.29 - 83.00] Average Grade - � 11 [2.33] Both Sections [2.34] � 12 [2.34] A+: 82 and for thesis above. F : 0 - 32. INSTRUCTIONS - Read these instructions carefully. Essays? You are responsible for following them to the letter and will be assessed a point penalty or given a failing grade for failure to follow instructions. Before you begin work on this examination, be sure that you have an examination booklet consisting of 8 consecutively numbered pages -- beginning with this page. Part I consists of problems calling for written analysis.

Part II consists of 35 multiple choice questions. If your examination is incomplete, you should advise the instructor immediately. It is your responsibility to ensure that you are working with a complete examination. The exam is closed book. You may not use any material other than this examination booklet, the answer sheet, blank paper and an appropriate writing instrument. You may not, of course, confer with or receive assistance from any other person. Your answers for Part I should be written on the paper provided. Be sure to identify clearly which subpart you are answering (e.g., I. A.). When you have completed your answers to Part I, number your pages consecutively, write your identification number on each page, and staple all of the pages together in the upper left hand corner. 1. Answer only the question asked and for thesis defence do so with organization, precision, legibility, and essay about city proper grammar and spelling. 2. If a court rule or a statute is relevant to a problem, you may identify it by number, but you must discuss its substance whether or not you mention the rule or statute by number.

3. Write on only one side of a page and leave a left margin. Write your identification number in the space provided on the answer sheet for questions for thesis, Part II and mark the appropriate corresponding circles on your answer sheet to indicate your examination number. Do not staple the answer sheet for Part II to anything. Submission of Exams -- General Instructions When you have finished the examination, place your answers to Part I, your answer sheet for Part II, and the exam booklet in the separately designated boxes. All examination booklets must be turned in. You must write your identification number on this exam booklet at the top of the property assign, first page and return the booklet in order that your exam answer sheet may be matched with the correct version of the answers. Do not write your name on anything. For this examination, unless we have specifically studied to the contrary, you should assume the following: 1. Questions? all states have adopted rules of civil procedure identical to online classes, the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure; 2. all states have enacted statutes that authorize the exercise of possible for thesis, jurisdiction on each of the traditional bases recognized by the Supreme Court up to the date of its decision in International Shoe; 3. all states have also enacted the following statutes:

X.C.A. � 1-1-111: A court may exercise personal jurisdiction over descriptive essay a crowded, a person (including an individual, his executor, administrator, or other personal representative, or a corporation, partnership, or any other legal or commercial entity) who acts directly or by an agent, as to questions for thesis, a claim for relief arising from the person��s. (a) transacting any business within this State; (b) causing tortious injury by case studies an act or omission in this State; (c) causing tortious injury in this State by an act or omission outside this State if the person regularly does or solicits business, or engages in any other persistent course of conduct, or derives substantial revenue from for thesis defence, goods used or consumed or services rendered in this State; (d) owning, using or possessing any property situated in this State; (e) contracting to insure any person, property, or risk located within this State at the time of contracting. X.C.A. � 2-2-222: In any suit brought in the courts of this State, service of thesis for huckleberry finn essays, process may be achieved by sending a summons and a copy of the complaint by possible questions defence registered mail, return receipt requested, to thesis for huckleberry finn, the defendant's home address, or principal place of business, wherever located. The problems in Part I are worth a total of 45 points. They are not of possible questions for thesis, equal weight. A. You are now an mba it studies associate attorney in a law firm. Respond fully to the following memorandum from for thesis defence, one of your employers. ��I Quit�� is not a recommended answer. To: Associate. Re: First Commercial Industrial Bank v. Isolde.

Date: Dec. Essay A Crowded? 11, 2006. [Fact pattern (hypo)] Tristan and Isolde are partners in a furniture repair business. Their shop is in the State of Swabia where most of their customers are from. Possible For Thesis Defence? Sometimes people from the nearby States of Prussia and Bavaria bring repair jobs to the shop in Swabia. Isolde was raised in Prussia and lived there with her parents until June, 2003, when she moved into an apartment in Swabia to see if she would enjoy living away from home.

In July, 2003, a vice-president of con on school uniforms, First Commercial Industrial Bank of Prussia [��First Commercial��] attended a lecture on furniture repair that Isolde gave in Prussia. He decided that Tristan and Isolde had a promising business and that the bank would do well to procure their business. After receiving a letter at their shop offering the bank��s services, Tristan and Isolde decided to borrow $150,000 from First Commercial. By telephone, they requested the bank send them the possible questions for thesis, paperwork at their shop. On August 15, 2003, Tristan and Isolde signed the loan papers at their shop and Tristan immediately took them to First Commercial��s main office, located ten miles away in the State of Prussia.

First Commercial then gave them a check for $150,000 minus closing costs of approximately $5,000. The loan agreement provided that its interpretation and mba it case studies validity would be governed by the law of Prussia and that it was to be repaid in two years. Due to financial difficulties, Tristan and Isolde made only two payments on the loan. When First Commercial threatened to sue them, Tristan settled the bank��s claim against questions him for $50,000. First Commercial then sued Isolde in the United States District Court for property assign, Prussia to collect the unpaid principal and interest. First Commercial��s attorney served Isolde with process by possible questions for thesis registered mail, return receipt requested, to her at the shop in free online writing Swabia. On May 15, 2005, after Isolde failed to respond to the complaint and summons, the court entered a default judgment against for thesis defence her for $100,000. On December 1, 2006, First Commercial sought to property assign, register the possible, judgment against uniforms Isolde with the United States District Court for the District of Swabia. In conjunction that proceeding, First Commercial procured a writ of possible questions defence, garnishment, attaching $10,000 that Isolde had in a bank account in Swabia.

First Commercial also procured a writ of garnishment from the federal court in property assign Bavaria, attaching a $5,000 debt owed to Isolde by for thesis defence one of her customers there. [Question/instruction] We represent Isolde. Please submit a memo to essay city, me discussing fully whether Isolde has any defenses she may raise to possible for thesis, the enforcement proceedings in thesis Swabia and Bavaria. Be sure to discuss fully any possible defenses that you may have considered and rejected and explain fully why you have rejected them. B. The next day, you receive the following memorandum from the same partner. Again, respond fully. To: Associate. Re: First Commercial Industrial Bank v. Isolde. Date: Dec. 12, 2006.

I have now learned that Isolde was involved in an automobile accident in Swabia a week after she was served with process by registered mail. She was rendered unconscious for two days. An ambulance rushed her to the nearest hospital, which was located in Prussia. Three days after the accident, but while she was hospitalized in Prussia, a private process server acting on possible questions for thesis behalf of First Commercial served Isolde in free her hospital bed with a another copy of the summons and complaint for the same lawsuit. Given that she was served while in the state, it now seems to me that the questions, judgment of the federal district court in Prussia against Isolde is unquestionably valid and is enforceable in both Swabia and studies Bavaria. Please discuss fully whether you believe that assumption is valid and whether the possible questions defence, service on Isolde in the hospital establishes jurisdiction. The discussion below is a verbatim copy of a student��s essay that received a top grade. Commentary by Professors Banks and Entman appears in brackets. . [LEEWS note: We reprint this commentary in blue.] LEEWS NOTE: �IRAC� (merely a formula for organizing analysis of an issue) prescribes a statement of pro and, I ssue to precede the questions for thesis defence, statement of R ule, and the discussion ( A nalysis). Uniforms? (And C onclusion at the end.) The LEEWS paragraphing format posits that an abrupt statement of premise (relevant law) to begin a paragraph implies the issue, making a separate statement of questions, issue unnecessary (thereby saving time). Richard's model response in about a crowded LEEWS format does this.

Our only possible questions defence, suggestion is studies, that underlining or boldfacing key words in the preamble of law � e.g., Subject matter jurisdiction in the opening paragraph, federal diversity statute in the next � to assist the possible questions for thesis, professor in recognizing the for huckleberry essays, topic (issue). Subject-matter jurisdiction. The federal courts are courts of limited jurisdiction; they can only hear certain types of claims as outlined in Article III of the possible for thesis, US Constitution and as authorized by Congressional Statute. First Commercial will argue that the US District Court has subject-matter jurisdiction to hear this case based on the diversity of citizenship of the parties. First Commercial is a citizen of Prussia. A Critique Mearsheimer-walt? Isolde has been living in Swabia for one month. [The facts do not give sufficient information to know how long Isolde had been living in possible questions Swabia at the time First Commercial filed its complaint, which is the time at essay a crowded, which jurisdiction must either exist or not. At most, one can deduce that the suit was brought as early as November 2003 or as late as April 2005.

Consequently, Isolde must have been living in Swabia for more than one month, but not the two or three years that some students stated.] She can argue that she is still domiciled in questions defence Prussia, where she lived her whole life up to June of 2003, because she only moved to Swabia temporarily, to see ��if she would enjoy�� life on her own. If Isolde is found to be a domiciliary of Prussia, then there is not diversity of citizenship and thus no subject matter jurisdiction. However, if Isolde is found to have relocated to Swabia with the intent of staying for the indefinite future, then the parties are diverse. The federal diversity statute also requires the free classes, amount in controversy to exceed $75,000. The $100,000 judgment against Isolde satisfies this requirement. N.B. [Please do not use abbreviations, including this one.] This action could not be brought under ��federal question�� jurisdiction because breach of contract is a state common-law claim. Therefore nothing in the plaintiff��s complaint arises under the Constitution and laws of the United States.

Subject-matter jurisdiction is questions for thesis, never waived, and in this case, it has not been previously litigated, so it could be raised on collateral attack. However, it is more likely than not that the court will find that Isolde did move to Swabia with the intent to stay indefinitely, so the District Court in Prussia probably did have subject-matter jurisdiction. Personal jurisdiction. In the alternative, Isolde can argue that the online writing classes, rendering court in Prussia lacked jurisdiction over the person. Possible? Because this has not been litigated, it can be raised on collateral attack in the enforcing court. [We would have preferred a discussion at this point that specifically points out cannot be realistic a critique of the that Isolde never even appeared in the first action. Most of you could have improved your answers by questions for thesis making better use of the facts to support your analysis.

The reason Isolde can raise personal jurisdiction on collateral attack is because she did not appear at classes, all in the original action. Since she did not appear, there is no reason to discuss Rule 12.] First, Isolde will argue that there are no traditional bases for establishing jurisdiction over her in for thesis defence Prussia. Cannot A Critique Thesis? N.B. The federal courts derive their personal jurisdictional reach from the state in which they are situated, so the questions for thesis, District Court can exert personal jurisdiction over an out of state defendant only if the state court could do so. Isolde was not served with process with Prussia, so transitory [transient?] jurisdiction does not attach.

Because it is free classes, necessary that she be domiciled in Swabia to establish diversity of citizenship, First Commercial cannot argue that she be subjected to personal jurisdiction on the basis of domicile. Even though the contract included a choice-of-law provision applying the laws of Prussia to possible defence, possible disputes, that is not the same as a consent provision. [A surprising number of students referred to essays, this as a forum selection clause. At least one student referred to it as a forum selection clause in part of the answer and a choice of law provision in another part of the questions for thesis, same answer. Another specifically stated that it was a forum selection clause and not a choice of law provision. Mistakes of this type may be attributable to sloppy reading of the a critique mearsheimer-walt, facts but they are also a strong indication of a serious lack of preparation.

Failure to questions, devote sufficient time to study of the assigned materials frequently manifests itself in a person��s demonstrated obliviousness to important distinctions. Property Assign? Others simply didn��t know what to do with the for thesis, fact, thus reflecting a failure to study the Burger King opinion and to pay attention to our class discussions of it.] Statutory basis. First Commercial will argue that the long-arm statute conferred specific jurisdiction over Isolde on the basis of the first of the enumerated acts: ��a) transacting any business within the about city, State.�� The claim for relief, the $100,000 breach of contract, arises from the defendant��s act of possible for thesis, entering into the loan contract, which First Commercial will argue was executed on Tristan��s delivery of the loan documents to the Bank��s main office in con on school uniforms essays Prussia. Isolde will counter that her act was signing the defence, documents, which took place at the furniture shop in Swabia. This is a valid argument so long as the court reads the statute literally and narrowly. However, if a court interpreted the statute broadly (See Gray v. American Radiator) it might find that the statute reaches the property assign, out of state act, the for thesis defence, signing of the contract, which causes an in state result, the execution of the contract. [It is probably not necessary to stretch the construction of the pro and con on essays, statute as the court did in questions Gray to mba it case, hold that it confers jurisdiction, given the facts of this problem.

The statute covers transacting business in the forum state ��directly or by an agent.�� Like McShara in Burger King, Tristan was acting on behalf of the partnership (thus as an agent) in possible for thesis defence delivering the papers to the bank. The facts specifically state that Isolde, along with Tristan, signed the papers and that he immediately took them to the bank. You should never, as many of you did, overlook the statement that Isolde signed the papers or speculate that she may not have read them. For Huckleberry Essays? There is simply no basis in the facts for speculating that Isolde didn��t know what she was signing. Indulging in speculation that she might not have reveals desperation.] Constitutional Standard. The Fourteenth Amendment to the US Constitution provides that no state shall deprive a citizen of possible for thesis, life, liberty or property without due process of law. The U.S.

Supreme Court defined the due process standard as it relates to imposing personal jurisdiction on an out of state defendant in International Shoe: jurisdiction is essays, constitutional only if the questions for thesis, cause of action arises from the defendant��s minimum contacts with the forum, such that the assertion of jurisdiction would not offend traditional notions of fair play and substantial justice. Assuming, arguendo, [LEEWS note: We teach the thesis for huckleberry finn essays, proper use of words like arguendo -- because they are useful and add a lawyerly caste to possible, the presentation.] that the long-arm statute is sufficient to provide a statutory basis of jurisdiction over ignorance cannot be realistic a critique of the, Isolde, would such jurisdiction be constitutional under the Shoe standard? [While it is implicit in the answer that the possible questions defence, constitutional hurdle becomes important only if the court first accepts the argument that the statute confers jurisdiction, a perfect answer would have explained that relationship more fully.] Isolde will argue no, because the contact which gives rise to the claim, the signed loan contract, was brought into the forum by the unilateral actions of a third party, Tristan. Therefore, Isolde did not purposefully avail herself of the be realistic a critique mearsheimer-walt, privileges of conducting activities in the forum, Prussia. First Commercial will counter that Tristan and possible questions for thesis defence Isolde were operating together to secure the loan. They reached into the forum when they called First Commercial. School? Isolde knew that Tristan was taking the documents to Prussia, [run-on sentence, a sin committed by many students in these essays] therefore it was imminently [eminently] foreseeable that the contract would be executed there, and she could reasonably anticipate being haled into questions, court in Prussia over any disputes to the contract. (See Denckla, Worldwide VW). While there are some open questions regarding minimum contacts, the facts seem to favor First Commercial. In the alternative, [In addition?] can Isolde raise any of the descriptive essay a crowded, fairness factors, defining ��fair play and substantial justice,�� articulated in the US Supreme Court��s Burger King decision? In weighing the relative burden on Isolde compared to the interest of First National in litigating in Prussia, it does not seem unfair to possible questions for thesis defence, require Isolde to travel to a nearby state where she lived most of her life and where she sometimes appears to give lectures.

The interest of the forum state in thesis for huckleberry finn essays adjudicating the dispute would be well served because of the choice of law provision; Prussia has an interest in adjudicating its own laws. The interest of the several states in efficiency and public policy do not seem to possible defence, enter the online, picture, so the fairness factors do not point to Prussia as an unfair forum for possible questions for thesis, Isolde. Conclusion. Although Isolde has some colorable arguments, she probably cannot invalidate the original judgment on a defense of lack of personal jurisdiction. [Many of you neglected altogether most of the issues about validity of the Prussia judgment treated in mba it case the foregoing answer, instead discussing at length personal jurisdiction, subject matter jurisdiction, and defence service of process in the enforcement proceedings in Swabia and Bavaria. Such discussions reflect a lack of knowledge of our classwork on Assignment 27, a failure to read the Shaffer v. Property Assign? Heitner opinion carefully, and a failure to study the problems following that opinion in possible questions for thesis defence the casebook.]

Special Forces Combat Recon Manual. Republic of Vietnam. POI 7658, Patrolling FTX. Prepared by Project (B-52) Delta. Attached are Reconnaissance Tips of the Trade prepared by defence Detachment B-52.

Commanders of all units are encouraged to free online writing disseminate, widely, the information contained therein. The information presented in for thesis defence the attached Recon Tips is very appropriate for use in unit and individual training of ignorance US and indigenous personnel. Such information can be of significant value to units engaged in conventional patrolling as well as special reconnaissance units. Possible Questions Defence? Detachment B-52, 5th Special Forces Group (Abn), 1st Special Forces assembled the original document. Was assisted by personnel of B-52, MACV Recondo School and 5th SFGA Combat Orientation Course School, who contributed from their knowledge and experience. Special credit is cannot be realistic a critique thesis, given to MSG Norman A. Downey, 1 SG, CCC Recon Company for his assistance. This document has been reviewed and annotated by Headquarters, 5th Special Forces Group (Abn), 1st Special Forces. For easy use and reference the document has been organized into annexes. While on a mission, minimize fatigue because tired become careless. If you show confidence, your team will have confidence. If the team leader loses his temper it will effect his judgment.

Keep cool and think ahead, always keeping an alternate plan in mind. Possible Questions? Don't be afraid to pro and school uniforms take advice from your team member. Team work, the key to success, only possible questions for thesis comes through constant practice and training. Realism must be injected into for huckleberry, all phases of training such as zeroing of weapons at targets in the jungle, use of live training aids for possible questions, PW snatch or ambush practice, etc. Teams that have a good physical training program hove fewer health problems. Make sure. Mba It Case? that personnel take salt tablets as a preventative measure rather than waiting until collapse is imminent. One tablet in a canteen of water is a good way to take salt, especially on very hot and humid days. Only when plenty of water is available. If your mission calls for for thesis, emplacing a mine in a road, ensure that an extra fuse is taken along, in case one is lost. Descriptive Essay About City? All personnel should wear loose fitting and untailored clothing on field operations.

Tight fighting clothing often tears or rips allowing easy access to exposed parts of the body for mosquitoes and leeches. Each team leader should have a pre-mission and post-mission checklist to ensure that nothing is possible, left behind. Use tact when reprimanding your personnel, especially indigenous team members. Property Assign? If possible, take the man aside to criticize him. This enables him to reason positively to the criticism, since he will not feel ridiculed and lose self confidence. Do not hang clothing or bandanas on green bamboo if you plan on wearing it afterwards. The fuzz on the bamboo is just like itching powder. Questions Defence? Conduct English classes for your indigenous personnel, especially interpreters.

Conduct classes for your U.S. Personnel on your indigenous team members dialect. Pre-set frequencies on the PBC-25 so that a quick turn of the dials will put you on the desired frequency. This is especially helpful at night when you want to avoid a light. Carry CS powder in plastic insect repellent or lube oil bottles. It is difficult to ignorance cannot mearsheimer-walt put CS powder in them but it is definitely worth the effort.

Sprinkle CS powder in and on empty C ration cans and food containers. This will prevent animals from digging them up once you have buried them. Tape the muzzle of possible for thesis your weapon to keep out ignorance cannot a critique thesis, water and dirt. Leave lower portion of slits open for ventilation. Use one magazine full of tracer during infiltration and questions defence exfiltration. If taken under fire during infiltration or exfiltration the tracers can be used to identify enemy positions to writing friendly air assets. The last three rounds in each magazine should be tracer.

This reminds the firer that he needs a loaded magazine. Replace the cartridge in the chamber of your weapon each morning quietly. Condensation may cause a malfunction. Oil the selector switch on your weapon daily and work the switch back and forth, especially during rainy season. This will prevent the common occurrence of questions for thesis a stuck switch. Always carry a small vial/tube of mba it studies lubricating oil for possible for thesis, your weapon. Always carry your weapon with the selector switch on case, safe. To improve noise discipline, tape all sling swivels or remove them from weapons.

During extraction do not fire weapons from helicopters after leaving the LZ because a gunship may be passing under you without your knowledge. Defence? Do not retrieve your first expended magazine during contact, because it will consume valuable time. Pro And School? Check all magazines before going on an operation, to ensure they are clean and properly loaded. Never assume that your weapon is possible questions defence, clean enough on an operation. CLEAN YOUR WEAPON DAILY.

Place magazines upside down with bullets pointed away from your body in the ammo pouches. This will keep dirt and water out of them and if rounds go off due to mba it case studies enemy fire, you won't be injured by your own ammo. Simple can be effective. Be sure that all snaps and buckles are taped. Do not use paper tape. Place triangular bandages (in original containers) in the ammo pouches.

This makes it easier to possible defence remove magazines, and increases the first-aid capability of your unit. Mba It Case Studies? Cut the front corners of ammo pouches 1/2-3/4 to make it easier to remove magazines during the rainy season. Also, have 2 magazines with pull tabs in each pouch. If they are available, use canteen covers to carry magazines rather than ammo pouches. They hold more magazines, are easier to questions for thesis open, and you won't need so many pouches hanging from your web gear.

Tie a string or lanyard between M-79 and web belt so you won't lose it when firing the M-16. Keep your UPC-10 secured to your harness during use. If lost with the beeper on, it will negate all other signals on free online writing, that frequency until the battery runs down. Always carry some type of knife on patrol. Snap links should be secured around the shoulder harness, NOT on the cloth loops.

For survival, each individual should carry, in a first aid pouch on the harness, one tube of bouillon cubes, one tube of salt tablets, and one bottle of purification tablets. One bouillon tube in one canteen of possible water, when dissolved will give energy for one or two days. All team members should carry a mixture of fragmentation, CS and writing WP grenades on their belts for the following reasons: Fragmentation grenades are good for inflicting casualties, CS grenades are ideal for stopping or slowing down enemy troops pursuing your team. In addition they will stop dogs from pursuing you in wet weather when CS powder will dissipate due to wetness. WP grenades have a great psychological effect against enemy troops and con be used for questions for thesis defence, the same purpose as CS Grenades. The use of CS and WP at the some time will more than double their effectiveness.

Smoke grenades should be carried in or on the pack and not on the web gear or harness. You don't fight with smoke grenades and if you need one, 99 times out of 100, you will have time to get it from your pack. Fold paper tape through the rings of grenades and tape the ring to the body of the grenade. The paper tape will tear for fast use, where plastic or cloth tape will not. Also it keeps the ring open for your finger, stops noise and mba it studies prevent snagging. Camouflage grenades, using black or OD spray paint. Do not band the pins on the grenades flat.

The rings are too hard to pull when needed. Make continuous daily checks on all grenades, when on patrol, to possible ensure that the primer is not coming unscrewed. Each team should carry one thermite grenade for finn, destruction of equipment, either friendly or enemy. Do not carry grenades on questions for thesis defence, the upper portion of your harness because the enemy will shoot at them,trying to inflict several casualties with one shoot. Sew a long slim pocket on the side of your rucksack to accommodate the long antenna.

Ensure that the snap link on case, your rucksack is questions defence, snapped through the essay city, loop in the upper portion of your rucksacks carrying straps so that you won't lose it during extraction if you have to snap it on a ladder or McGuire Rig. Insect repellent leaks and spills easily, therefore, isolate it from your other equipment in the rucksack. Also squeeze air from repellent container and screw on cap firmly. Possible Questions Defence? An indigenous poncho and/or a round sheet along with a jungle sweater and a rain jacket are sufficient for sleeping. A claymore bag, sewn onto the top flap of the rucksack is extremely useful to carry binoculars, extra hand sets, camera or URC-10, prepared or any other special equipment. This gives easy access to those items while on property assign, patrol or when you have to ditch the rucksack.

Tie smoke grenades on rucksack between packets. Always use the water from canteens in or on your rucksack before using water in the canteens on possible for thesis, your belt. This will ensure a supply of water should you lose your rucksack. Pro And School? Test straps on the rucksack before packing for possible for thesis defence, each patrol. Always carry some parachute cord to repair strops on patrol. Use waterproof bag in rucksack to protect equipment while on patrol. This is extremely important during the for huckleberry finn, rainy season. When making VRs always mark every LZ within your AO and near it, on your map. Plan the possible for thesis, route of march so that you will always know how far and on what azimuth the nearest LZ is located.

Don't cut off too much of the map showing your recon zone (RZ). Always designate at thesis for huckleberry, least 5-10 kilometers surrounding your RZ as running room. Base the number of canteens per map upon the weather and availability of possible defence water in the AO. Select water points when planning your route of march. Check all team members pockets prior to departing homebase for passes, ID cards, lighters with insignias, rings with insignias, etc. Personnel should only carry dog tags while on pro and con on school uniforms essays, patrol. If the questions for thesis defence, team uses a grenadier armed with rifle grenades, have him place a crimped cartridge as the first round in each magazine carried. After firing the grenade, he can use the rifle normally.

When the magazine is empty and a new one inserted the grenadier con then quickly fire another grenade. Always carry maps and property assign note books in waterproof containers. Use a pencil to make notes during an for thesis defence operation. Ink smears when it becomes wet, whereas lead does not. Inspect each team member's uniform and equipment, especially radios and online strobe lights, prior to departure on for thesis, a mission. If you use the Hanson Rig, adjust your harness and cannot be realistic a critique of the mearsheimer-walt webbing before leaving on patrol. During the rainy season take extra cough medicine and codeine on patrol. The location and proper use of morphins should be known by all team members. Questions For Thesis Defence? All survival equipment should be tied or secured to the uniform or harness to prevent loss if pockets become torn, etc. Each US or key team member should carry maps, notebooks, and SOI in the some pocket of school each uniform, for hasty removal by questions for thesis other team members if one becomes a casualty.

Take paper matches to the field in waterproof container. Thesis For Huckleberry Finn? Do not take cigarette lighters as they make too much noise when opening and possible questions closing. Tie panel and mirror to pocket flap to prevent losing. Always carry rifle cleaning equipment on operation, i.e., brush, oil and at descriptive essay a crowded, least one cleaning rod. Each team should hove designated primary and alternate rally points at all times. The team leader is responsible for ensuring that each team member knows the azimuth and approximate distance to each rally point/LZ.

Never take pictures of team members while on patrol. If the questions for thesis, enemy captures the thesis for huckleberry, camera, they will have gained invaluable intelligence. Possible For Thesis? At least two pen lights should be taken by property assign each team. While on patrol, move 20 minutes and questions for thesis defence halt and listen for 10 minutes. Listen half the amount of time you move. Move and holt at irregular intervals.

Stay alert at all times. You are never 100% safe until you are bock home. Never break limbs or branches on trees, bushes, or palms, or you will leave a very clear trail for the enemy to city follow. Put insect/leech repellent around tops of boots, on pants fly, belt, and cuffs to stop leeches and possible for thesis insects. Do most of your moving during the property assign, morning hours to conserve water, however never be afraid to move at night, especially if you think your RON has been discovered. Continually check your point man to ensure that he is on possible questions for thesis, the correct azimuth.

Do not run a compass course on patrol, change direction regularly. If followed by trackers, change direction of movement often and attempt to evade or ambush your trackers, they make good PWs. Do not ask for a fix from FAC unless absolutely necessary. This will aid in the prevention of compromise. Force yourself to cough whenever a high performance aircraft passes over. Mba It Case? It will clear your throat, ease tension, and cannot be heard.

If you must cough, cough in your hat or neckerchief to smother the noise. Never take your web gear off, day or night. In an area where it is necessary to put the jungle sweater on questions defence, at night, no more than two patrol members at a time should do so. Take the sweaters off the descriptive a crowded city, next morning to prevent cold and overheating. If you change socks, especially in the rainy season, try to wait until RON and possible defence have no more than two patrol members change socks at one time. Never take off both boots at the some time. When a team member starts to come down with immersion foot, stop in a secure position, remove injured persons boot, dry off his feet, put foot powder on mba it case, his feet and place a ground sheet or poncho over his feet so that they can dry out. Continued walking will make matters worse, ensuring that the possible questions for thesis, man will become a casualty, thereby halting the property assign, further progress of the team. Desenex or vaseline rubbed on the feet during the possible defence, rainy season or in free online writing classes wet weather will aid in the prevention of immersion foot.

It will also help avoid chapping if put on the hands. Gloves will protect hands from thorns and aid in defence holding a weapon when it heats up from firing. Place a plastic cover on your PRC-25 to keep it dry in the rainy season. When using a wire tap device, never place the batteries in property assign the set until needed. If the batteries are carried in the device they will lose power even though the switches are in the off position. If batteries go dead or weak do not throw them away while on patrol. Small batteries can be recharged by placing them in arm pits or between the legs of the possible questions for thesis, body. A larger battery can gain added life by sleeping with the battery next to the body. Additional life can also be gained by placing batteries in the sun.

If possible, carry on extra hand set for the PRC-25 and ensure that it is wrapped in thesis finn essays a waterproof container. Always carry a spare PRC-25 battery, but do not remove the possible questions for thesis, spare from its plastic container prior to use or it may lose power. Con On? Do not send same or no charge when reporting team location. Always send your coordinates. Keep radio traffic at a minimum. Avoid over confidence, it leads to carelessness. Just because you have seen no sign of the enemy for 3 or 4 days does not mean that he isn't there or hasn't seen you. A large percentage of patrols have been compromised due to poor noise discipline. Correct all team and/or individual errors as they occur or happen. All personnel should camouflage faces and backs of hands in the morning, at noon and at RON or ambush positions.

Never cook or build heating fires on patrol. No more than two persons should eat chow at any one time. The rest of the team should be on security. When team stops, always check out 40-60 meters from the perimeter. Possible Questions? All team members should take notes while on an operation and compare them nightly. Each man should keep a list of cannot tips and lessons learned and add to them after each operation. Each man on a team must continually observe the man in front of him and the man behind him, in addition to watching for other team members' arm and for thesis hand signals. A Crowded? A recon team should never place more than one mine, AP, or AT, in one small section of possible questions defence a road or trail at a time. If more than one is ignorance be realistic a critique of the mearsheimer-walt, set out the team is questions defence, just resupplying the enemy, because when a mine goes off, a search will be made of the immediate area for others and they will surely be found.

During the dry season, do not urinate on rocks or leaves, but rather in pro and con on school uniforms a hole or small crevice. The wet spot may be seen, and the odor will carry further. When carrying the M-79 on patrol, use a retainer band around the stock to hold the safety on safe while moving. When crossing streams, observe first for activity, then send a point man across to check the area. Then cross the possible questions, rest of the patrol, with each taking water as he crosses. If in a danger area, have all personnel cross prior to getting water. Treat all trails (old and new), streams, and open areas as danger areas. Carry one extra pair of socks, plus foot powder, on patrol, especially during the rainy season. In addition, each team member should carry a large sized pair of socks to place over his boots when walking or crossing a trail or stream.

During rest halts don't take your pack off or leave your weapon alone. During long breaks, such as for noon chow, don't take your pack off until your perimeter has been checked for at least 40 to 60 meters out for free, 360 degrees. During breaks throw nothing on the ground. Defence? Either put trash in your pocket or spray it with CS powder and bury it. In most areas, the enemy will send patrols along roads and major trails between the hours of 0700-1000 and from 1500-1900.

Since most of the enemy's vehicular movement is at night, a team that has a road watch mission should stay no less than 200 meters from the road during the day and move up to mba it studies the road just prior to last light. When the enemy makes a security sweep along a road, usually twice a week, he normally does not check further than 200 meters to each flank. If you hear people speaking, move close enough to hear what they are saying. The reason is obvious. The VN team leader should make notes. While on patrol, don't take the obvious course of action and don't set a pattern in your activities, such as, always fuming to the left when button hooking to ambush your own back trail. A dead enemy's shirt and contents in pockets, plus pack, if he has one, are normally more valuable than his weapon. Grenades not ready for combat (taped to web gear improperly)

rings not secured for safety. The FAC is second in importance to questions your weapon while on combat operation. Learn all you can about FAC procedures. Finn? Proper use of FAC support could mean the difference between whether or not you return from a patrol. When making a FAC VR take a map that covers the possible defence, AO from the FOB to your RZ.

Never fly directly over your RZ (down the middle). Fly along the side of your RZ so you can observe as much as possible in your RZ. Whenever you hear an aircraft, ensure that your radio is turned on, they may be trying to contact you. The FAC is property assign, severely limited in possible bad weather and the rainy season, plan for online writing, this. The average time for reaction to questions defence an immediate request is 15-45 minutes. The tactical aircraft may have mixed ordinance or, if it's a diverted aircraft, the ordinance someone else has requested for a pre-planned target.

If a patrol, not in contact with the enemy, requests an air strike against a specific target, request appropriate ordinance to destroy the target. Don't use the descriptive about a crowded city, PRC-25 as a homing station for the FAC because VC have homing equipment for FM radios. Instead, use the questions for thesis defence, radio to direct FAC to your position. The FAC must know your position on the ground before he will clear any strike craft on mba it case studies, your target. The Mirror is the way of questions defence best signaling the for huckleberry essays, FAC to mark your position. If the sun is not out, use the clock system with your panels. If the sun is obscured by questions for thesis defence clouds you can still signal an aircraft by online writing classes placing your strobe light against your signal mirror. The pilot can more readily see the flashes from the strobe light as they are reflected from the mirror. Do not cut your signal panel if it will make it difficult to see from the possible questions for thesis defence, air. When using the free, transponder or beacon never point the antenna at the aircraft.

The antenna should be parallel to possible for thesis defence the aircraft. Use smoke, flares, pen guns, and tracers as a last resort for marking your position. Pilots should identify the color of smoke used by property assign teams on the ground after it has been thrown. The team does not identify the color to the pilots. Violet and red smoke are the best colors to use. Questions For Thesis? If contact is made with enemy and you are in a dense jungle, use WP grenades to mark your location for the FAC.

Normally the regular red and violet smoke grenades are not sufficient. There are several methods of marking your location at night. You can use a flashlight, strobe light, flares or WP grenades. The flashlight should be placed inside of studies a M-79 barrel and aimed directly at the aircraft. Possible Questions? This shields the property assign, light from questions, observation by the enemy. Tape or paint the sides of the strobe light to make it more directional and to reduce illumination from the sides. Descriptive? Notify the aircraft before firing a pen flare since a flare resemble a tracer. Never fire them directly at the aircraft. When directing a FAC to your position or target area use the clock system. NOTE: The nose of the for thesis, aircraft is the property assign, twelve o'clock position. Possible For Thesis? Don't use AZ readings to direct aircraft until the FAC has your position located.

Once located use AZ reading in degrees to your target and distance in meters. Always give the FAC a complete description of your target and pro and con on target area. Make adjustments for the FAC after each round and after each aircraft makes a pass. Give the track that you request, always try to put strike across your front. Questions For Thesis? Do not call air in with its strike track coming directly across your position, from the front or rear.

NOTE: A strike that is a fraction too soon or late could land in your position. Classes? IT HAS HAPPENED BEFORE. A combat sky-spot can be used as an immediate or pre-planned strike. Defence? You must give him an eight digit coordinate and a track for the aircraft. NOTE: If possible, have the pro and school uniforms, FAC determine the patrol's location before the sky spot makes a strike. Whenever possible, try to give a BDA (bomb damage assessment) to the FAC. A FAC can be used effectively to direct a team in contact to possible LZ's. A FAC can also provide an airstrike to prep an exfil LZ for a team before it reaches the LZ. This is a good technique to employ in dangerous areas. A FAC can be used to ignorance be realistic a critique break off contact while a patrol is defence, waiting for strike craft. Mba It? A low pass or a pass firing a marking round may make the enemy think they are being attacked, thus causing them to withdraw.

When directing Shadow over questions defence, your target do not let him fly directly over property assign, the targets. Ask Shadow to drop a flare and direct him to the target from that flare. Make adjustments from his tracer impact area to insure that you get full target coverage. Poor Recon technique (stripes, no camo, and for thesis defence easily identified U-S American). Where is free online writing classes, his weapon? Tent pegs are aluminum and painted orange. making them easy to see during daylight hours and. remove at night once you have marked there positions.

Practice proper RON procedures when your team is training, even if you are on rifle range. Take advantage of for thesis all training opportunities. Many training areas are not in what we would call safe zones. Select a tentative site for RON, from your map, at least two hours in advance. Thesis For Huckleberry Essays? Deviate from your route of march often. Never move in a straight line. After passing a suitable RON site fish hook and move into possible questions for thesis, your selected position so that you can observe your own trail. When in position, personnel should keep their equipment on and remain alert until the perimeter has been checked for 360 degrees at a distance of no less than 40 to 60 meters. Packs should not be taken off until it is dark.

Before dark each team member should memorize the azimuth and distance to the trees and bushes around his RON. When deploying the team for RON, place the mba it, point man in a position opposite the most likely avenue of approach to lead the team out in case of emergency. If a team is within range of friendly artillery, and has preplanned concentrations, azimuths should be taken (OT line) to be concentrations, noting distances, prior to night fall. Questions For Thesis Defence? Nearby large trees or propositioned stakes will aid as hasty reference points for calling in ignorance be realistic thesis artillery at night. If it is necessary to send in nightly SITREP, do not send the possible questions defence, message from your RON position. Uniforms? Send your present location but add that you will RON 100 meters east or 200 meters north, etc. This will confuse the enemy as to for thesis defence your exact location in the event he has monitored your transmission with DF equipment.

Use your SOI. Keep transmissions to a minimum. It is cannot a critique of the mearsheimer-walt thesis, better to send the location of your RON position the next morning, after you have moved out. The enemy may monitor your traffic but he will not know in what direction you plan to move. Do not send radio transmissions from your RON site unless they are necessary. Be prepared to move if you do send radio transmissions. Prior to dark, the possible for thesis defence, team leader should tell each man the primary and alternate rally points.

One half of the a critique, team should have their compasses set on the primary rally point and possible questions for thesis the other half on the alternate. If the enemy comes from the direction of the primary rally point, the case studies, man with the azimuth of the alternate rally point set on his compass can lead the team out. A buddy system should be established in case casualties are taken at night. Each man will take care of another man and his equipment if one is wounded, injured, or killed. The pack or rucksack can be used as a pillow, however, ensure that the carrying straps are in the up position for possible questions for thesis defence, easy insertion of the arms in case of mba it case studies rapid withdrawal. It is permissible to unhook the web gear or harness but it should not be taken completely off, at night or at any time during the entire stay in the field. If a person coughs or talks in his sleep, make him sleep with a gag in his mouth. US team members should not bunch up or sleep next to each other.

One grenade or automatic burst from a weapon could get them all. Each team member should be able to touch each other without moving from position. Check your RON position to form a peak in possible defence the canopy for using the about, strobe light to direct Shadow at night. Know what your next day's plans are to be before settling down for the night. When placing claymores around your RON they should be placed one at a time by two men, one man emplacing the mine while the other stands guard. Never emplace claymores in a position that prevents you from having visual contact with it.

Claymores should be emplaced so that the blast parallels the team, ensuring that the firing wire does not lead straight back to the team position from the mine. Questions Defence? If the claymore are turned a round by the enemy they will not point at free online, the team. Determine, in advance, who will fire each claymore and who will give the command or signal. In most instances it is better not to put out claymores around RON positions but rather to rely on the use of CS grenades for the following reasons: When claymores have been put out, and the enemy is discovered to be moving in on the team, the team will have a tendency to stay in place too long, waiting for the enemy to get within the possible for thesis, killing zone. If the team discovers the enemy moving in on them, the enemy will normally be on line, not knowing the exact position of the team. If no claymores are out, predesignated team members throw CS grenades in the direction of the enemy force. After the gas begins to disperse the team can withdraw. When the enemy is free, hit with the CS he will normally panic.

If he has gas masks with him, and puts them on, he can no longer see clearly. If he does not have them he will run away and may even fire his weapon indiscriminately, causing overall confusion and panic. For Thesis Defence? In either case, the team has a good chance to ignorance cannot be realistic a critique of the thesis escape, unharmed and unseen. If a claymore is triggered, a grenade thrown, or a rifle fired, the enemy may flank the team and box it in. All team members should be awake, alert, and ready to move, prior to possible questions defence the first light.

Another check of the perimeter, for 360 degrees, at a distance of at least 40 to 60 meters, should be made prior to moving out or prior to retrieving claymores. A thorough check should be made of the classes, RON site to possible questions for thesis ensure that nothing is left behind and that the entire site is sterile. The team leader must make sure that each man takes his daily malaria tablet. Never eat chow or smoke cigarettes in your RON position. Pro And Con On School Uniforms Essays? The odor of the possible questions defence, food or tobacco gives your position away. Be alert when leaving your RON. If you have been seen, you will probably be attacked or ambushed within 300 meters. Essay? Team leaders should check themselves to ensure they are not forming the common habit of constantly turning to the left, or right, when fish hooking.

Habits are easily formed, as mentioned previously around certain times of the day. For example, some always move into an RON site at 1830 hours or into a noon break position at exactly 100 hours each day. If the enemy has been observing you, he will take note of this and will plan an ambush for you. Breaking Out of Encirclement Tips. General: Too many times Recon Teams which have not planned for or practiced methods to break out from the encirclement have been encircled by the enemy. The following methods and suggestions have worked for others in the past and it is hoped that this will be of assistance to you in the future if you find yourself and your team in possible for thesis defence such a situation. Team encircled, the property assign, sooner you attempt to break out the possible questions for thesis, better chance you will have to do so effectively and with the least amount of casualties. The longer you wait the thesis for huckleberry finn, stronger the enemy becomes. Preparations for breaking out of possible questions for thesis encirclement: Plans must be mode prior to the break out attempt to take care of the following: Rucksacks and equipment left behind must be destroyed by someone. Dead must be left behind. Someone must remove any classified documents such as SOIs, notebooks, maps, etc.

One or two persons, depending upon descriptive essay the size of the team must have the mission, during the possible for thesis, break out assault, of rear security. Descriptive Essay About? This will include assisting any personnel who may be wounded before or during the attempt. Additionally they should recover documents from personnel killed during the break out movement. Possible Questions? No attempt should be mode to try to take KlAs with the team. Keep in mind that the successful completion of your mission depends on getting the information back to headquarters. All personnel must be reminded of the important information the team has observed. Free Writing Classes? Formation to use: The most effective method a small element can use (5 to for thesis defence 12 man teams) is to form into a pyramid configuration, with the base of the pyramid leading. The following actions should take place: The teams forms into position. CS rounds from M-79s and/or CS grenades are fired or thrown to the flanks.

WP grenades are thrown to the rear. A claymore mine and/or grenades are fired or thrown in the direction the team will move. Immediately after the property assign, claymore and/or grenades go off to the front, the team moves out. The first element of questions defence line will fire on full automatic. The others hold fire. When the first elements' magazines are empty, the second element moves through them and continues the fire. Essays? When the second element has emptied their magazines the first element will have reloaded and will pass through them, taking up the assault but will only possible questions for thesis defence fire on semi-automatic. Once the thesis for huckleberry finn, team starts to move it must move rapidly, but not run, and never stop until completely out possible questions for thesis, of the encirclement.

Supporting fires: Artillery, helicopter gunships and TAG Air, if available, should be used to assist your break out attempt. These are discussed below: Supporting artillery fire, within range, can be effectively employed to pave your way out of an encirclement or near encirclement. When foul or inclement weather prevents your use of helicopter or TAC air for support, you must use artillery if available. Artillery support, when available, should also be requested at the first sign of trouble for case studies, many times it can be firing in your direction before air support can arrive on questions for thesis, station to assist you. It is a common practice, as you learned in basic training, that when you are subjected to incoming mortar or artillery fire, you move out of the area as quickly as possible. Enemy forces follow this same doctrine. When you desire to free online break out, with the possible for thesis, aid of artillery, first have the fires placed completely around your position, then having selected your desired heading, walk the artillery in front of free classes you. This will effectively lead you out questions defence, of the for huckleberry, danger area and you may even pick up a shell shocked or wounded PW on your way out. Helicopter gunships can assist you with almost continuous close in fire support, firing directly in front and to the rear during your break out attempt. The effect this fire will have is questions for thesis, dependent upon the density of the vegetation, location of your team, and whether or not your supporting aircraft crews can see you or your signals. You may have to direct their fire by cannot adjusting from the strike of the rounds and rockets.

Tactical airstrikes can assist you in your attempt to possible defence break out of an encirclement. To do this, call for bombs in the direction you desire to descriptive essay about move. Since the enemy will get as close to the team as possible to avoid airstrikes, it is preferred to call in the bombs first and then hove the TAC Air fire his machine guns and 20mm in possible front of you as you move out. They can place machine gun fire much closer to you than bombs. General: Once your recon team has been selected for a PW snatch mission and descriptive essay about given a recon zone the following actions should be taken in addition to those normally taken for a recon mission. Study the map to find a possible location to conduct your PW snatch within your RZ. Conduct a visual reconnaissance to familiarize yourself with the terrain, select LZ's, EE routes, reference points, record any new trails in RZ and questions for thesis defence pick tentative PW snatch positions. Finalize plans for primary and ignorance be realistic a critique of the alternate LZ's and routes of march to and from PW snatch location you selected while on VR. If you have any photos or have taken some during your VR, study them carefully.

Assign duties for each patrol member and draw equipment needed both for training and for actual preparation. AWPRT-r and AMPRR-9 or HT1 radios should be taken for in-position transmission and signaling. Flight time to questions and from the target area considering the time recovery aircraft will have on target should be remembered by the team leader when he selects the number of personnel and helicopters it will take for insertion and extraction. Plan the altitude of the insertion and extraction LZ's with the load carrying capacity of the aircraft in mind. Training: Practice rehearsals and put as much realism into school uniforms, your training as possible. If you are going to handcuff, gag and blindfold your prisoner then do it during your training. If you plan to defence carry your prison, don't carry him just 20 or 30 meters as is ignorance cannot be realistic a critique thesis, commonly done but as far as your proposed extraction LZ.

Designate men to accomplish the following missions: Handcuff, blindfold, search and gag prisoner. Possible For Thesis Defence? Treat and bandage prisoner's wounds. Carry or assist him. Carry his equipment and weapon. Mba It Case Studies? Cover the tell tale signs at the ambush site. Take care of friendly WIA's or MIA's to include their weapon and possible equipment. Take point, rear security and case studies who will be alternates in each class. Make security check of extraction LZ. Stand guard over possible defence, prisoner at LZ. to get on board exfil aircraft first.

Lift prisoner into aircraft. Property Assign? Secure prisoner to floor of aircraft. Possible For Thesis? Ride out with prisoner. Bring out prisoner's equipment. Mba It Case? Other actions that need to be practiced, explained and questions for thesis rehearsed are: Action taken by each team member if discovered in snatch position.

Movement into position. Signals to be used. Concealment of personnel and mba it equipment. Employment of claymores. Action to be taken if the possible questions for thesis, team's preparations are not completed in time. Action to be taken if inclement weather moves in preventing any possible extraction attempt. Considerations for selecting the location of the PW SNATCH SITE. Generally speaking there are three different locations, a road, a trail and a village or living complex.

The advantages and disadvantages are as follows: Location on a Road: Advantages: Vehicles and/or troops will pass by essay about a crowded thus ensuring a possible target. A lone messenger on foot or riding a bicycle is very possible. Personnel moving on a road are not, normally, very familiar with the questions, surrounding terrain or area. hampering their pursuit of the team in case of case compromise. Questions? Sites can normally be found which offer long stretches of clear visibility. Disadvantages: Large formations of troops use roads and property assign normally sweep possible ambush sites with security elements. Possible Defence? Rapid reinforcement is easily effected. Ignorance Cannot? Security elements normally check roads for mines and ambushes each morning and for thesis defence evening.

Stationary security elements are normally positioned every two to five kilometers along all roads. Troops and convoys traveling on roads are constantly on the alert for possible ambushes and carry heavy caliber weapons to break them up if they occur. Location on a Trail: Advantages: Not so apt to free writing encounter large numbers of enemy troops. Advantageous snatch sites are more easily located which will permit good concealment, good vision, hamper the effectiveness of enemy counter fire, and still be close enough to possible defence the trail to property assign perform the mission in the least time possible. Enemy personnel are not normally as cautious or alert to possible ambushes when moving down a trail. The ambushing element can more readily and easily cover up signs that anything happened. Rapid and effective enemy pursuit is not as likely as on a road. Disadvantages: More likely to encounter personnel who are familiar with the local area. Dogs, women and children are more likely to be encountered.

Pre-planned sites/locations for PW snatches are more difficult to locate. The enemy can jump off a trail and possible for thesis disappear easily. Pro And? Normally you are right on a trail before being aware of it's presence which could allow for questions for thesis, discovery of the team by property assign passing enemy personnel. Never attempt a PW snatch from a village or complex unless you have extraction aircraft available which guarantee immediate extraction. Questions For Thesis? The reasons for free online classes, this are many. First, the individual will soon be missed; second, village dogs will more likely give away your presence; third, if discovered, pursuit will be immediate and the locals know the for thesis defence, surrounding terrain much better than you to include any nearby LZ's; fourth, most villages of any importance will have security elements surrounding them and they will normally have established preventative measures to preclude such snatch. Property Assign? Other considerations: Have at for thesis, least two extraction LZ's and two rally points selected and ensure that each man knows the azimuth and approximate distance to each before moving into position. Select a good ambush site. Online Writing? Do not place an ambush at possible, the spot where you first come up to a road or trail. Con On Uniforms? This can only get you into for thesis, trouble.

Always search at least 200 meters along a road or trail and on each flank of your ambush site. Look for major road or trail crossings, bunkers, complexes, outposts, and thesis for huckleberry finn any other signs of the enemy which might prevent the successful execution of your mission. Questions For Thesis? Upon final selection of the actual snatch site, the team leader, should trace a diagram, in the dirt, of the for huckleberry finn, site and possible questions defence point out each team member's position, pertinent terrain features, and ask for questions. Prior to moving into con on uniforms essays, the snatch position, be sure your RTO has notified your base station of possible your intentions. Cache your rucksacks prior to moving into the ambush positions.

Be sure that the carrying straps are in the up position for faster and easier recovery. Double check all weapons and essential equipment prior to free classes moving into your final position. For Thesis Defence? Try to be realistic of the mearsheimer-walt attempt your PW capture within the first three to four days. The team members will still be in good physical condition, their morale and spirits will be up, thus giving you a much better chance for success. Types of for thesis defence PW ambushes: Normally, there are four planned and two unplanned PW ambusher. Normally on a PW snatch mission the team leader will select one of the planned types after considering the variables of his own personnel and equipment, knowledge of the property assign, enemy, weather and possible terrain. The team will practice this type of uniforms essays ambush prior to departing on possible questions for thesis defence, the mission.

In addition they should rehearse their actions for mba it case studies, the two types of for thesis defence unplanned PW ambushes. The planned and unplanned types are as follows: Gas (Planned): The advantages and disadvantages of using CS Powder or gas are as follows: Advantages: Quickly incapacitates the individual, preventing him from using his weapon accurately. Will prevent the use of dogs being used in the pursuit of the friendly element. Enemy personnel will have to put on masks to enter the area, which will hamper their vision and ignorance a critique of the mearsheimer-walt thesis therefore their effectiveness. Disadvantages: The team cannot hide the fact that they were there and that an incident took place. Possible Defence? The CS powder will cling to the PW's and friendly clothing which may effect the efficiency of the mba it, extraction helicopter's crew members if they do not have masks. Team members cannot see clearly because of the necessity to wear masks. The prospective PW will probably panic when exposed to the gas causing him to run and have to be chased down. CS powder is normally dispersed by using explosives which will alert any nearby enemy elements of the team's presence and location. Other: When your team is set up for a gas ambush have all personnel place their gas masks on top of their heads. It will only take a couple of seconds to pull the masks over possible for thesis defence, their faces just prior to initiating the essay about, ambush.

Claymore and Explosives (Planned): This is set up with C4 explosive placed between claymores. Personnel in the zone of the C4 will be stunned and/or incapacitated while the claymores will kill and questions defence wound the essay about city, personnel in their zone. Advantages: As normally set up, with C4 spaced between the claymores, the questions defence, corrosion will incapacitate an individual but not kill him. The team can hit a large element. Will ensure that the enemy is stopped. Free Online? Will thoroughly disorganize and possible questions for thesis confuse the property assign, element hit, preventing them from reacting effectively. Disadvantages. The noise of the explosive going off will alert enemy forces of the team's presence and location.

C4 takes a long time to emplace properly. The disturbed soil and vegetation will mark the team's location. This will aid the enemy in his attempts to pick up the team's departure tail. The additional weight of the for thesis, demolitions may hamper swift movement. The resulting smoke, rising above the descriptive essay about city, trees and vegetation, could result in enemy mortar fire on the site, if any are located in possible the general area. Silent Weapon (Planned): Use of a silenced or muffled rifle or pistol. Advantages: The noise from the weapon being discharged is minimal. A well executed and placed round will stop an enemy and free prevent his returning fire or using his weapon. Care should be taken to hit the intended PW's right arm or shoulder. This should prevent him from returning fire, but will enable him to walk.

Disadvantages: A wounded PW may die of shock or loss of blood before proper treatment can be given. A wounded PW will have to be assisted and possibly carried, thus slowing down the team during it's withdrawal from the site. Care must be taken not to leave a blood trail. A silenced weapon is not normally as reliable as an possible questions for thesis defence unsilenced one and in the case of a silenced pistol it would necessitate carrying another weapon, both of which must be available, within easy reach when springing the ambush. Fire/Silent Capture (Planned): Advantages: There is little noise to give the team's presence or location away.

A live and healthy PW is the best kind. Disadvantages: There are no significant disadvantages to a no fire/silent capture. Chance Contacts (Unplanned): Both the essay about city, friendly and enemy elements may see each other at the same time. A team must always be prepared to take a PW during a chance contact, especially with a small enemy element. Possible Questions For Thesis Defence? If contact is made with a small local or regional force element, they will normally break and for huckleberry essays run. This is because they seldom carry more than three magazines each for an AK-47. Those who carry the SKS rifle/carbine may have extra rounds in for thesis defence one pouch, making it difficult to cannot thesis reload and of negligible influence upon the outcome of questions defence a firefight. The team, after firing the initial rounds, should deploy into a defensive posture and look for enemy wounded. If one is located, don't move directly up to him. You may be fired upon or set a grenade thrown at you, forcing you to essay city kill him in self defense. Instead, throw a CS grenade at him.

After a few moments in the CS most of the will to resist should be out of his mind and you will have a PW. If there are between two to five enemy, attempt to possible defence deploy around them asking them to surrender. If, after a few minutes, you have not received desired results, it is better to break contact and move away before reinforcements arrive, remembering that you are in the enemy's territory. Hasty ambush (Unplanned): Where the thesis essays, friendly elements may observe the enemy before being seen and take up a hasty position to capture them. There can be no set or prescribed way to set up for possible defence, a hasty ambush. Each team leader should establish his own SOP. A hasty ambush can result in a capture of case studies a PW only it it is practiced and rehearsed to perfection.

Ambush positions and possible for thesis defence Executing the Ambush: Positioning of Personnel: No attempt will be made here to tell you exactly how to emplace your personnel into ambush positions. Whether you have five or twelve team members it is possible to succeed if you have the desire and training. By constant practice and training, using live ammo and training aids, you will come up with the best disposition for your personnel to suit you, your plans, and free writing your team. One of the possible questions for thesis defence, best references you will have is your own and the teams experiences. Ask other team leaders of their attempts, both successful and unsuccessful, solicite their advice. The final decision is case studies, yours.

A good point to remember, when selecting personnel for key positions, is that an indigenous team member firing his weapon normally keeps his finger depressed on the trigger until all the rounds are expended. Possible Questions For Thesis? If you have an thesis finn essays 8 to 12 man team give strong consideration to possible for thesis defence placing three men on each flank for security and early warning. They will psychologically feel more secure and will normally retain their position if one is wounded, thus better ensuring the successful accomplishment of the mission. Mba It Case Studies? During a PW snatch, place the M-79 on the flank of the ambush. Questions For Thesis Defence? Claymore should be set on each flank of a PW snatch if possible. Be patient and wait for the right moment and be realistic of the thesis opportunity when one or two individuals come along the road or trail. Without patience your mission will most likely fail. Once you have committed yourself and sprung the questions for thesis, ambush, you must be aggressive. By that I mean that you must immediately react. If you have wounded or otherwise halted your prospective PW, you must immediately move to physically secure him. Do not give him a chance to think or react.

If you do not do this he will more than likely run or attempt to fire his weapon, forcing you to kill him. If an attempted PW snatch fails, in that the individual dies, his body should be completely stripped and his belongings taken back to the S2. The body should then be taken a great distance away and hidden, if at cannot of the thesis, all possible. When the individual turns up missing, the enemy may assume that he has been captured and has talked. This will necessitate the enemy changing his plans and for thesis moving his headquarters; when he could have been doing something else. Don't be conspicuously identified as American. It is better to be mistakenly identified as another friendly patrol. Watch your interval!

Movement Technique: There are five basic techniques of movement that can be employed by small recon teams to avoid being detected or encircled by enemy forces. Thesis Essays? Each of these are explained and discussed below: The Box Technique: This is a simple and effective method to possible for thesis use and takes very little practice to employ. From a given point the team moves out on a set azimuth for specific set number of meters or paces, for example let's say 35 meters. The team then makes a 90 degree turn and moves 75 meters, then another 90 degree turns for 30 meters, another 90 degrees turn for 30 meters, another for 30 meters. You will have formed a box. At this point you can do any one of several things. Pro And Con On? You can wait in ambush for your trackers, or pursuers, walk backwards across your old trail, if the vegetation and soil is such that it is impossible to hide your tracks, or continue on. When you move out, after having formed your first box, move for another 50 to 75 meters and possible defence form another box. By forming these boxes, it will enable you to ambush your pursuers and will definitely confuse any trackers as to your direction of movement. It will also discourage the enemy if you occasionally booby-trap your back trail. Descriptive? You can maintain a general heading that you desire to possible for thesis defence go without the enemy force becoming aware of it until you are out thesis, of the danger area or until he loses you completely.

A word of caution though, and that is not to possible defence continually make your boxes the same size or to continually turn to the right or left. Never set a definite pattern of movement. Examples follow: Explosives can be used for many field expedient uses. When loading the aircraft for infiltration, insure the team is seated so that they can exit the proper door. Lead the team in reverse team order with the tail gunner being the first one in the aircraft. The senior advisor position inside the aircraft is between the thesis, pilot and co-pilot's seats.

The remainder of the team sits against the firewall of the A/C. For Thesis? Sudden shifts of weight in flight will cause temporary loss of aircraft control. The team leader and pilot will determine direction of approach to the infil LZ for essay about a crowded, loading of team. The team leader will follow the flight with his map from their FOB to his infil LZ. Team members will unload one at a time to enable the pilot to stabilize his A/C. Possible For Thesis? On a ladder LZ the team leader insures the free online writing, ladder is down. Note: If A/C is more than 6-8 foot off ground use ladder to questions defence avoid injury to team members. Descriptive A Crowded? If pointman exits the A/C under fire, the entire team will exit the possible questions, A/C.

If the A/C is shot down the team leader is in command on the ground. He will do the following: Account for his team and A/C crew. Secure an area 40-50 meters in front of the A/C. Care for the wounded/dead. With the pilot return to the A/C to ensure the radios are zeroed of freq, gas is off, destroy! the battery, remove maps, SOI, notebooks of the pilots and M60s and ammo. C 11 for pick up A/C.

Evac A/C crew and wounded/dead on first recovery A/C. Rest of his team on mba it case, the last recovery A/C. Inform your personnel in what order they will be extracted prior to the arrival of the extraction A/C. The LZ should be secured prior to possible questions defence the arrival of the A/C. Team leader should give pilot a track to fly, and describe his LZ. Team members should approach the exfil A/C from the front.

Note; Doing this the door gunner can support the team easier. Team could use both doors if exfil LZ is a sit-down but should notify pilot first. The team leader is the last to enter aircraft and will give the pilot an UP. In selection of property assign LZs avoid likely LZs or large LZ. Sniper who is the officer!

Members of Special Forces Detachment A-14. supervise construction of possible questions for thesis defenses at the. hamlet of Chau-Lang during December of thesis for huckleberry 1962. Defence? (US Army) Booby traps indicate the presence of. the enemy or something to Hide. ie caches or enemy fortifications. If you'd like to use any of property assign this content on your website, please notify me via email prior to posting the for thesis defence, content.

Also, please credit the source as Hardscrabble Farm and if an property assign author or contributor is noted, please credit them too. Possible Questions For Thesis? Basically, if you want to swipe my stuff, I know I can't stop you. or it would be costly, time consuming, and definitely NOT fun to try.

Analytical Essay on the Renaissance Art Movment. Length: 1305 words (3.7 double-spaced pages) During the Renaissance artists changed the way they painted and for thesis, sculpted, they learned how to paint in online writing classes all three dimensions, which brought life and realism to their works. Also, getting away from the religious roots of art created an entirely new type of art that was rich in drama and emotion. This was also the time period when painting with oils was started. In this paper I'm focusing mainly on Renaissance art work, since that was the possible, assignment, but I feel it's important to also mention the descriptive essay about a crowded, other important parts of the possible questions, Renaissance, architecture, science, politics and religion. In architecture buildings were made bigger and grander than ever before, this was because of new rules were created pertaining to proportion and perspective. Temples dedicated to pro and school, wealth (often disguised as something else ) popped up all over possible for thesis defence, Florence and thesis for huckleberry essays, the rest of the world, because of the return of possible for thesis, antiquity and property assign, referring back to the classics of the Greek and Roman past. In science people started to question the church and possible questions defence, its power?this may have been because the church's indulgence policy was so far out of line; as a result to this curiosity people started to study the natural world, discovering the secrets of the universe. Property Assign! Leonardo da Vinci was a huge part of the advancement in Science, with his inventions and theories.

This was also the time period that Galileo discovered that the questions for thesis, Earth revolved around the sun?much to the dismay of the church. In politics more and more people were getting educated; being out descriptive essay about a crowded of the possible for thesis defence, churches clutches allowed more of the middle class to gain riches and education. Also, ancient works that hadn't been read for more than a thousand years were poured over, causing much debate from those who read them. The invention of the printing press allowed new ideas to be filtered through Europe at a quicker pace, allowing philosophers and writers to share their opinions with the general public. Analytical Essay on the Renaissance Art Movment. 123HelpMe.com . 02 Oct 2017. Religion was going through a though stage at this point in time, the corruption of the Church and their officials had caught up with them, causing a lot of finn essays, people to be feed up with the Church, this also started the possible questions, exploration into different religions, including Protestant, which lead to ignorance be realistic of the mearsheimer-walt thesis, the thirty years war. Also using the printing press, Martin Luther became the first person to publish his theories worldwide, in doing this he started a revolution in faith and forever divided the religion.

While in Europe we learned a lot about the possible questions for thesis, Renaissance, the art created during that time period, the rulers, and the scientific advancements that occurred at this time, we didn't learn a lot about why it started though. Ignorance Cannot Be Realistic A Critique Of The Thesis! We learned that people started to question the churches indulgence's and their absolute control, I thought the that term rebirth was referring to defence, the rebirth of people's faith, and the exploration into Protestant beliefs. Ignorance A Critique Of The Mearsheimer-walt Thesis! However, when I came home I did some of my own research and discovered that the possible questions for thesis, rebirth was really about going back to the Greek's and Roman's, looking at ignorance cannot be realistic mearsheimer-walt their philosophies and way of life. I also learned that some pretty interesting people played a big part in possible questions this movement. Although the Renaissance doesn't have a specific starting point or place, it's said to have started in Florence, Italy. There are many arguments as to why the online classes, Renaissance started, and why it started when it did; unfortunately, these arguments are just that, arguments.

Each explanation has a rebuttal, leaving each person to come up with their own theory?which oddly enough, fits into possible questions defence, the theme of this time period. Some of the ignorance cannot be realistic a critique of the mearsheimer-walt thesis, basic arguments as to why the Renaissance started, especially in Florence, include: 1. The Medici started it, with the portrait and solo sculpture emergence?but this doesn't fit in with history. Questions For Thesis! The Renaissance started between 1410 and 1420, the descriptive essay a crowded, Medici came into power after this time. 2. Donatello and Michelangelo, among others were simply geniuses?it's hard to believe that these men just came to this enlightenment there had to have been a certain series of events that lead to their enlightenment. The person that I really think started the Renaissance is Petrarch, he was part of the questions for thesis, humanist movement and he thought that man had accomplished the most during the Roman Empire, and the time since then had been a period of social rot he called this period the free writing, Dark Ages. Petrarch thought man needed to look to history?not religion?to advance as a society, literarily, and in art.

To him rebirth meant looking to the Roman's and Greek's, this method lead to advancements in art and science as well as other areas. The first major work of Renaissance sculpture was from Donatello's chisel, is the bronze David, which is still located in Florence, Italy. When it was created it was the first free-standing nude statue since ancient times, a huge step away from religious works. Donatello's work always had a classical influence to them, but this was a huge step forward for questions for thesis, the artistic movement. I also find it interesting that one of the most famous sculptures from the pro and uniforms essays, Renaissance was Michelangelo's David, and he also played such a large in the Renaissance. Other key artist in the Renaissance included: Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael, Botticelli, and possible questions, Michelangelo. While Leonardo da Vinci is really well known for his paintings during this time period, including The Last Supper and the Mona Lisa, he was also know as the Renaissance man. This title refers to his many inventions that helped advance modern technology (although few were actually made during his lifetime), his studies in anatomy, astronomy, and civil engineering. Da Vinci is an interesting character, it seems he was a genius, many of his ideas and discoveries were way ahead of his time, but it seems (at least to cannot be realistic a critique of the, me) that he lacked the ambition to complete many of his projects.

Da Vinci started painting when he was fourteen years old, and continued painting and creating throughout his life, yet there are very few completed works of Leonardo da Vinci. Raphael's part in the Renaissance is completely different from the other artists involved. Raphael was a master painter and architect of the Italian High Renaissance, a school in Florentine. Raphael was considered a master painter at the age of seventeen and used his knack for perfection and softness to possible questions defence, teach other impressionable artists the free, beauty in Renaissance art work. Botticelli is also an interesting character, as a student in questions for thesis Florentine during the property assign, Renaissance he created many great works including The Birth of Venus, which was a painting that expressed the new pagan view of possible for thesis, antiquity. He was also very religious, he even burned some of his own paintings that expressed pagan ideas, but he found a why to resolve the conflict between his beliefs and his painting. Botticelli painted in the neoplatonism style, a joining of pagan and Christian themes in for huckleberry essays painting.

Although Botticelli doesn't appear to have been a big part of the possible defence, Renaissance, he was. He didn't follow the exact ideals behind the Renaissance, but he followed the mind set that there are different ways to do things, you just have to discover how and what these ways are.

cool hand luke essay Judith Jarvis Thomson: A Defense of Abortion. From Philosophy Public Affairs , Vol. 1, no. 1 (Fall 1971). (Reprinted in Intervention and Reflection: Basic Issues in Medical Ethics, 5 th ed., ed. Ronald Munson (Belmont; Wadsworth 1996). pp 69-80.) Most opposition to abortion relies on the premise that the fetus is possible questions for thesis, a human being, a person, from the moment of conception. The premise is argued for, but, as I think, not well.

Take, for example, the most common argument. We are asked to notice that the development of a human being from conception through birth into childhood is about a crowded, continuous; then it is said that to for thesis defence draw a line, to choose a point in case studies this development and say before this point the thing is not a person, after this point it is a person is to make an arbitrary choice, a choice for which in the nature of things no good reason can be given. It is concluded that the fetus is. or anyway that we had better say it is, a person from the moment of conception. But this conclusion does not follow. Similar things might be said about the development of an questions for thesis acorn into an oak trees, and it does not follow that acorns are oak trees, or that we had better say they are. Arguments of this form are sometimes called slippery slope arguments--the phrase is perhaps self-explanatory--and it is dismaying that opponents of abortion rely on them so heavily and uncritically. I am inclined to agree, however, that the prospects for drawing a line in the development of the essay fetus look dim. I am inclined to think also that we shall probably have to agree that the fetus has already become a human person well before birth.

Indeed, it comes as a surprise when one first learns how early in its life it begins to acquire human characteristics. Questions Defence! By the tenth week, for example, it already has a face, arms and less, fingers and toes; it has internal organs, and brain activity is detectable. On the other hand, I think that the premise is false, that the pro and school fetus is possible questions for thesis, not a person from the moment of conception. A newly fertilized ovum, a newly implanted clump of cells, is no more a person than an acorn is an oak tree. But I shall not discuss any of mba it case studies, this. For it seems to me to be of great interest to ask what happens if, for the sake of argument, we allow the premise. How, precisely, are we supposed to get from there to the conclusion that abortion is morally impermissible? Opponents of abortion commonly spend most of their time establishing that the fetus is a person, and hardly anytime explaining the step from there to the impermissibility of abortion. Perhaps they think the step too simple and obvious to require much comment.

Or perhaps instead they are simply being economical in argument. Possible Questions For Thesis Defence! Many of those who defend abortion rely on descriptive essay a crowded city the premise that the fetus is not a person, but only a bit of questions for thesis defence, tissue that will become a person at birth; and why pay out more arguments than you have to? Whatever the explanation, I suggest that the step they take is descriptive about city, neither easy nor obvious, that it calls for closer examination than it is commonly given, and that when we do give it this closer examination we shall feel inclined to reject it. I propose, then, that we grant that the fetus is possible questions for thesis, a person from the moment of pro and uniforms essays, conception. How does the argument go from here?

Something like this, I take it. Every person has a right to life. So the fetus has a right to life. Possible Questions Defence! No doubt the mother has a right to decide what shall happen in and to her body; everyone would grant that. But surely a person's right to life is stronger and essay about city more stringent than the mother's right to possible questions decide what happens in and to her body, and so outweighs it. Online! So the possible questions fetus may not be killed; an abortion may not be performed. It sounds plausible. Free Online! But now let me ask you to imagine this. You wake up in the morning and possible for thesis find yourself back to back in bed with an unconscious violinist. A famous unconscious violinist.

He has been found to have a fatal kidney ailment, and the Society of Music Lovers has canvassed all the available medical records and found that you alone have the right blood type to help. They have therefore kidnapped you, and thesis for huckleberry finn essays last night the violinist's circulatory system was plugged into yours, so that your kidneys can be used to extract poisons from his blood as well as your own. The director of the hospital now tells you, Look, we're sorry the Society of Music Lovers did this to you--we would never have permitted it if we had known. But still, they did it, and the violinist is now plugged into you. To unplug you would be to kill him. Questions Defence! But never mind, it's only for nine months. By then he will have recovered from his ailment, and can safely be unplugged from you. Is it morally incumbent on you to accede to property assign this situation? No doubt it would be very nice of you if you did, a great kindness. Possible For Thesis! But do you have to writing accede to it?

What if it were not nine months, but nine years? Or longer still? What if the director of the hospital says. Tough luck. I agree. For Thesis Defence! but now you've got to free online classes stay in bed, with the violinist plugged into you, for the rest of your life. Because remember this. All persons have a right to for thesis life, and violinists are persons. Granted you have a right to thesis essays decide what happens in for thesis and to your body, but a person's right to life outweighs your right to decide what happens in and to your body. Thesis Finn! So you cannot ever be unplugged from him. I imagine you would regard this as outrageous, which suggests that something really is questions for thesis defence, wrong with that plausible-sounding argument I mentioned a moment ago.

In this case, of course, you were kidnapped, you didn't volunteer for pro and the operation that plugged the violinist into your kidneys. Can those who oppose abortion on the ground I mentioned make an exception for a pregnancy due to rape? Certainly. They can say that persons have a right to life only if they didn't come into existence because of rape; or they can say that all persons have a right to life, but that some have less of a right to life than others, in particular, that those who came into possible for thesis existence because of ignorance of the thesis, rape have less. But these statements have a rather unpleasant sound. Surely the question of whether you have a right to life at possible questions for thesis all, or how much of it you have, shouldn't turn on the question of whether or not you are a product of property assign, a rape. And in fact the people who oppose abortion on the ground I mentioned do not make this distinction, and hence do not make an exception in case of rape.

Nor do they make an exception for a case in which the mother has to spend the questions for thesis nine months of her pregnancy in ignorance be realistic a critique mearsheimer-walt bed. They would agree that would be a great pity, and hard on the mother; but all the same, all persons have a right to life, the fetus is a person, and so on. I suspect, in fact, that they would not make an exception for a case in which, miraculously enough, the pregnancy went on for nine years, or even the rest of the mother's life. Some won't even make an exception for a case in possible questions for thesis which continuation of the pregnancy is likely to shorten the mother's life, they regard abortion as impermissible even to save the mother's life. Such cases are nowadays very rare, and many opponents of abortion do not accept this extreme view. All the same, it is finn essays, a good place to begin: a number of points of interest come out in respect to it.

Let us call the view that abortion is impermissible even to save the mother's life the extreme view. I want to suggest first that it does not issue from the argument I mentioned earlier without the addition of some fairly powerful premises. Suppose a woman has become pregnant, and now learns that she has a cardiac condition such that she will die if she carries the baby to questions for thesis defence term. What may be done for her? The fetus, being to life, but as the mother is a person too, so has she a right to life. Presumably they have an equal right to life. How is it supposed to come out that an classes abortion may not be performed? If mother and child have an equal right to life, shouldn't we perhaps flip a coin? Or should we add to the mother's right to life her right to decide what happens in and to her body, which everybody seems to be ready to grant--the sum of her rights now outweighing the fetus's right to life? The most familiar argument here is the following. We are told that performing the abortion would he directly killings the child, whereas doing nothing would not be killing the questions for thesis mother, but only letting her die.

Moreover, in killing the descriptive essay a crowded child, one would be killing an innocent person, for the child has committed no crime, and possible questions is not aiming at his mother's death. And then there are a variety of ways in which this might be continued. (1) But as directly killing an innocent person is always and absolutely impermissible, an abortion may not be performed. Or, (2) as directly killing an innocent person is murder, and essay about a crowded city murder is always and absolutely impermissible, an defence abortion may not be performed. Or, (3) as one's duty to refrain from case directly killing an innocent person is more stringent than one's duty to keep a person from dying, an abortion may not be performed. Or, (4) if one's only for thesis, options are directly killing an innocent person or letting a person die, one must prefer letting the person die, and thus an abortion may not be performed. Some people seem to have thought that these are not further premises which must be added if the writing classes conclusion is to possible questions for thesis be reached, but that they follow from the very fact that an studies innocent person has a right to life. But this seems to me to be a mistake, and perhaps the questions defence simplest way to show this is to bring out that while we must certainly grant that innocent persons have a right to life, the theses in (1) through (4) are all false.

Take (2), for example. Con On School Uniforms! If directly killing an innocent person is possible questions defence, murder, and thus is impermissible, then the mother's directly killing the innocent person inside her is finn, murder, and thus is impermissible. But it cannot seriously be thought to be murder if the mother performs an abortion on herself to save her life. It cannot seriously be said that she must refrain, that she must sit passively by and wait for possible questions her death. Let us look again at the case of you and cannot be realistic a critique the violinist There you are, in bed with the violinist, and the director of the hospital says to you, It's all most distressing, and I deeply sympathize, but you see this is putting an additional strain on your kidneys, and you'll be dead within the month. But you have to stay where you are all the possible same. because unplugging you would be directly killing an innocent violinist, and that's murder, and mba it case that's impermissible. If anything in the world is true, it is that you do not commit murder, you do not do what is for thesis, impermissible, if you reach around to your back and unplug yourself from that violinist to save your life. The main focus of attention in writings on abortion has been on what a third party may or may not do in answer to a request from a woman for an abortion.

This is in a way understandable. Things being as they are, there isn't much a woman can safely do to abort herself. Ignorance Cannot Be Realistic! So the question asked is what a third party may do, and what the mother may do, if it is mentioned at all, if deduced, almost as an afterthought, from what it is concluded that third parties may do. But it seems to me that to treat the matter in possible for thesis this way is to refuse to grant to the mother that very status of person which is so firmly insisted on for the fetus. For we cannot simply read off what a person may do from what a third party may do. Suppose you filed yourself trapped in a tiny house with a growing child. Pro And Con On School Essays! I mean a very tiny house, and a rapidly growing child--you are already up against the wall of the house and in a few minutes you'll be crushed to death. Possible For Thesis! The child on the other hand won't be crushed to death; if nothing is for huckleberry finn, done to possible for thesis defence stop him from growing he'll be hurt, but in the end he'll simply burst open the house and walk out a free man. Now I could well understand it if a bystander were to say. There's nothing we can do for you. We cannot choose between your life and his, we cannot be the ones to case decide who is to live, we cannot intervene.

But it cannot be concluded that you too can do nothing, that you cannot attack it to save your life. However innocent the child may be, you do not have to wait passively while it crushes you to death Perhaps a pregnant woman is vaguely felt to have the status of house, to which we don't allow the right of self-defense. But if the woman houses the child, it should be remembered that she is a person who houses it. I should perhaps stop to say explicitly that I am not claiming that people have a right to do anything whatever to save their lives. I think, rather, that there are drastic limits to the right of self-defense. If someone threatens you with death unless you torture someone else to death, I think you have not the right, even to save your life, to do so. But the case under consideration here is very different. In our case there are only possible questions defence, two people involved, one whose life is threatened, and mba it case studies one who threatens it. Both are innocent: the one who is threatened is not threatened because of any fault, the possible for thesis defence one who threatens does not threaten because of any fault. For this reason we may feel that we bystanders cannot interfere. Pro And Con On Essays! But the person threatened can.

In sum, a woman surely can defend her life against the threat to it posed by possible questions for thesis defence the unborn child, even if doing so involves its death. And this shows not merely that the theses in (1) through (4) are false; it shows also that the extreme view of abortion is false, and so we need not canvass any other possible ways of arriving at it from the argument I mentioned at the outset. The extreme view could of ignorance a critique of the mearsheimer-walt, course be weakened to say that while abortion is possible for thesis, permissible to save the be realistic mearsheimer-walt mother's life, it may not be performed by a third party, but only by the mother herself. But this cannot be right either. Possible Questions For Thesis! For what we have to keep in mind is free online writing, that the mother and for thesis defence the unborn child are not like two tenants in a small house which has, by an unfortunate mistake, been rented to both: the mother owns the house. The fact that she does adds to thesis finn essays the offensiveness of deducing that the possible questions defence mother can do nothing from the supposition that third parties can do nothing. Free Classes! But it does more than this: it casts a bright light on the supposition that third parties can do nothing. Certainly it lets us see that a third party who says I cannot choose between you is possible questions, fooling himself if he thinks this is impartiality. If Jones has found and fastened on a certain coat, which he needs to keep him from freezing, but which Smith also needs to property assign keep him from possible questions for thesis defence freezing, then it is not impartiality that says I cannot choose between you when Smith owns the coat. Thesis For Huckleberry Essays! Women have said again and again This body is my body! and they have reason to feel angry, reason to feel that it has been like shouting into the wind.

Smith, after all, is possible for thesis defence, hardly likely to bless us if we say to him, Of course it's your coat, anybody would grant that it is. But no one may choose between you and Jones who is to have it. We should really ask what it is that says no one may choose in property assign the face of the fact that the questions defence body that houses the child is the mother's body. It may be simply a failure to appreciate this fact. But it may be something more interesting, namely the sense that one has a right to refuse to lay hands on people, even where it would be just and fair to do so, even where justice seems to require that somebody do so. Thus justice might call for somebody to get Smith's coat back from property assign Jones, and yet you have a right to refuse to be the one to lay hands on Jones, a right to possible for thesis refuse to con on uniforms do physical violence to him. This, I think, must be granted. But then what should be said is not no one may choose, but only I cannot choose, and questions for thesis defence indeed not even this, but I will not act, leaving it open that somebody else can or should, and in particular that anyone in property assign a position of authority, with the job of securing people's rights, both can and should. So this is no difficulty.

I have not been arguing that any given third party must accede to the mother's request that he perform an abortion to save her life, but only that he may. I suppose that in possible some views of online classes, human life the mother's body is only on possible questions defence loan to her, the loan not being one which gives her any prior claim to it. Essay About City! One who held this view might well think it impartiality to say I cannot choose. For Thesis! But I shall simply ignore this possibility. My own view is that if a human being has any just, prior claim to anything at all, he has a just, prior claim to ignorance a critique thesis his own body. And perhaps this needn't be argued for possible questions here anyway, since, as I mentioned, the arguments against abortion we are looking at do grant that the woman has a right to decide what happens in and to her body. But although they do grant it, I have tried to show that they do not take seriously what is done in granting it. Mba It Case! I suggest the same thing will reappear even more clearly when we turn away from cases in which the mother's life is at stake, and attend, as I propose we now do, to the vastly more common cases in which a woman wants an abortion for some less weighty reason than preserving her own life.

Where the mother s life is not at stake, the argument I mentioned at for thesis defence the outset seems to ignorance cannot of the mearsheimer-walt have a much stronger pull. Everyone has a right to life, so the unborn person has a right to questions for thesis life. And isn't the thesis essays child's right to life weightier than anything other than the mother's own right to life, which she might put forward as ground for defence an abortion? This argument treats the right to pro and uniforms essays life as if it were unproblematic. Possible Questions For Thesis! It is not, and this seems to me to be precisely the source of the property assign mistake. For we should now, at long last, ask what it comes to, to for thesis have a right to life.

In some views having a right to life includes having a right to pro and con on school uniforms essays be given at least the bare minimum one needs for continued life. Possible Questions! But suppose that what in fact IS the bare minimum a man needs for continued life is something he has no right at property assign all to be given? If I am sick unto death, and for thesis defence the only thing that will save my life is the touch of Henry Fonda's cool hand on my fevered brow. Free! then all the same, I have no right to be given the touch of Henry Fonda's cool hand on my fevered brow. Possible Questions Defence! It would be frightfully nice of him to fly in from the West Coast to pro and school essays provide it. It would be less nice, though no doubt well meant, if my friends flew out to questions for thesis the West coast and brought Henry Fonda back with them. But I have no right at all against thesis finn essays anybody that he should do this for me. Or again, to return to the story I told earlier, the possible questions for thesis defence fact that for continued life the violinist needs the continued use of your kidneys does not establish that he has a right to be given the continued use of your kidneys. He certainly has no right against essay about city you that you should give him continued use of your kidneys. For nobody has any right to use your kidneys unless you give him this right--if you do allow him to go on using your kidneys, this is a kindness on your part, and not something he can claim from questions for thesis you as his due.

Nor has he any right against anybody else that they should give him continued use of descriptive about, your kidneys. Certainly he had no right against the Society of Music Lovers that they should plug him into you in possible questions the first place. Online Writing! And if you now start to unplug yourself, having learned that you will otherwise have to spend nine years in bed with him, there is nobody in the world who must try to prevent you, in order to see to it that he is given some thing he has a right to possible questions be given. Some people are rather stricter about the right to life. In their view, it does not include the right to be given anything, but amounts to, and only to, the right not to be killed by anybody. But here a related difficulty arises. If everybody is to refrain from finn killing that violinist, then everybody must refrain from doing a great many different sorts of things. Possible For Thesis Defence! Everybody must refrain from slitting his throat, everybody must refrain from shooting him--and everybody must refrain from unplugging you from mba it him.

But does he have a right against everybody that they shall refrain from unplugging you frolic him? To refrain from doing this is to for thesis defence allow him to continue to mba it studies use your kidneys. It could be argued that he has a right against us that we should allow him to continue to questions use your kidneys. That is, while he had no right against us that we should give him the use of your kidneys, it might be argued that he anyway has a right against us that we shall not now intervene and deprive him Of the use of your kidneys. I shall come back to third-party interventions later. Online Classes! But certainly the violinist has no right against you that you shall allow him to possible questions for thesis defence continue to use your kidneys. As I said, if you do allow him to use them, it is a kindness on your part, and not something you owe him. The difficulty I point to here is not peculiar to the right of life. It reappears in thesis essays connection with all the other natural rights, and it is something which an adequate account of rights must deal with.

For present purposes it is enough just to draw attention to it. For Thesis Defence! But I would stress that I am not arguing that people do not have a right to life--quite to the contrary, it seems to me that the primary control we must place on the acceptability of an account of a critique mearsheimer-walt, rights is that it should turn out in that account to be a truth that all persons have a right to life. I am arguing only that having a right to life does not guarantee having either a right to possible questions be given the use of property assign, or a right to be allowed continued use of another person s body--even if one needs it for life itself. So the right to life will not serve the opponents of abortion in the very simple and clear way in which they seem to have thought it would. There is another way to possible for thesis bring out the difficulty. In the most ordinary sort of case, to deprive someone of pro and school uniforms, what he has a right to is to treat him unjustly. Suppose a boy and his small brother are jointly given a box of chocolates for Christmas. If the older boy takes the possible for thesis box and refuses to give his brother any of the ignorance a critique of the chocolates, he is unjust to him, for the brother has been given a right to half of them. But suppose that, having learned that otherwise it means nine years in bed with that violinist, you unplug yourself from him.

You surely are not being unjust to him, for you gave him no right to use your kidneys, and no one else can have given him any such right. But we have to questions for thesis notice that in unplugging yourself, you are killing him; and violinists, like everybody else, have a right to life, and thus in the view we were considering just now, the right not to be killed. So here you do what he supposedly has a right you shall not do, but you do not act unjustly to him in doing it. The emendation which may be made at this point is this: the thesis finn essays right to life consists not in the right not to possible questions for thesis defence be killed, but rather in the right not to be killed unjustly. This runs a risk of circularity, but never mind: it would enable us to ignorance cannot be realistic a critique of the thesis square the fact that the violinist has a right to life with the fact that you do not act unjustly toward him in unplugging yourself, thereby killing him. For Thesis! For if you do not kill him unjustly, you do not violate his right to life, and so it is no wonder you do him no injustice. But if this emendation is accepted, the gap in the argument against abortion stares us plainly in the face: it is by no means enough to show that the free online classes fetus is a person, and to remind us that all persons have a right to possible for thesis life--we need to be shown also that killing the fetus violates its right to life, i.e., that abortion is unjust killing. And is it? I suppose we may take it as a datum that in a case of pregnancy due to rape the mother has not given the essays unborn person a right to the use of her body for food and possible questions defence shelter. Indeed, in what pregnancy could it be supposed that the property assign mother has given the unborn person such a right?

It is not as if there are unborn persons drifting about the world, to whom a woman who wants a child says I invite you in. But it might be argued that there are other ways one can have acquired a right to the use of another person's body than by having been invited to use it by that person. Suppose a woman voluntarily indulges in intercourse, knowing of the chance it will issue in pregnancy, and for thesis then she does become pregnant; is she not in thesis for huckleberry finn part responsible for for thesis defence the presence, in fact the very existence, of the unborn person inside? No doubt she did not invite it in. But doesn't her partial responsibility for its being there itself give it a right to the use of her body? If so, then her aborting it would be more like the boys taking away the chocolates, and less like your unplugging yourself from the violinist--doing so would be depriving it of descriptive essay a crowded, what it does have a right to, and thus would be doing it an injustice. And then, too, it might be asked whether or not she can kill it even to save her own life: If she voluntarily called it into existence, how can she now kill it, even in self-defense? The first thing to be said about this is that it is something new. Opponents of abortion have been so concerned to make out the independence of the fetus, in order to for thesis establish that it has a right to life, just as its mother does, that they have tended to overlook the possible support they might gain from making out that the fetus is dependent on the mother, in order to establish that she has a special kind of ignorance be realistic a critique mearsheimer-walt thesis, responsibility for it, a responsibility that gives it rights against her which are not possessed by for thesis defence any independent person--such as an ailing violinist who is a stranger to her. On the other hand, this argument would give the cannot be realistic of the mearsheimer-walt unborn person a right to its mother's body only if her pregnancy resulted from a voluntary act, undertaken in full knowledge of the chance a pregnancy might result from possible questions for thesis it. It would leave out entirely the unborn person whose existence is due to rape.

Pending the availability of some further argument, then, we would be left with the conclusion that unborn persons whose existence is due to rape have no right to the use of online classes, their mothers' bodies, and thus that aborting them is not depriving them of possible questions for thesis, anything they have. right to and hence is not unjust killing. And we should also notice that it is not at free all plain that this argument really does go even as far as it purports to. For there are cases and possible cases, and the details make a difference. If the room is stuffy, and I therefore open a window to free online writing classes air it, and a burglar climbs in, it would be absurd to say, Ah, now he can stay, she's given him a right to the use of her house--for she is partially responsible for his presence there, having voluntarily done what enabled him to get in, in possible defence full knowledge that there are such things as burglars, and that burglars burgle.'' It would be still more absurd to free online classes say this if I had had bars installed outside my windows, precisely to prevent burglars from getting in, and for thesis a burglar got in property assign only because of for thesis defence, a defect in the bars. It remains equally absurd if we imagine it is not a burglar who climbs in, but an innocent person who blunders or falls in. Again, suppose it were like this: people-seeds drift about in the air like pollen, and if you open your windows, one may drift in and take root in your carpets or upholstery. You don't want children, so you fix up your windows with fine mesh screens, the very best you can buy.

As can happen, however, and on free online classes very, very rare occasions does happen, one of the screens is defective, and a seed drifts in and takes root. Does the person-plant who now develops have a right to the use of your house? Surely not--despite the fact that you voluntarily opened your windows, you knowingly kept carpets and upholstered furniture, and questions you knew that screens were sometimes defective. Someone may argue that you are responsible for its rooting, that it does have a right to your house, because after all you could have lived out thesis for huckleberry, your life with bare floors and furniture, or with sealed windows and doors. But this won't do--for by the same token anyone can avoid a pregnancy due to rape by having a hysterectomy, or anyway by never leaving home without a (reliable!) army. It seems to me that the argument we are looking at can establish at most that there are some cases in which the unborn person has a right to the use of its mother's body, and possible questions defence therefore some cases in which abortion is unjust killing. There is room for much discussion and argument as to property assign precisely which, if any.

But I think we should sidestep this issue and questions defence leave it open, for at any rate the argument certainly does not establish that all abortion is unjust killing. There is room for yet another argument here, however. Finn Essays! We surely must all grant that there may be cases in which it would be morally indecent to detach a person from possible questions your body at the cost of his life. Suppose you learn that what the violinist needs is not nine years of your life, but only one hour: all you need do to save his life is to spend one hour in that bed with him. Suppose also that letting him use your kidneys for ignorance cannot be realistic mearsheimer-walt that one hour would not affect your health in the slightest. Defence! Admittedly you were kidnapped. Ignorance A Critique Of The! Admittedly you did not give anyone permission to plug him into you. Nevertheless it seems to defence me plain you ought to allow him to use your kidneys for that hour--it would be indecent to refuse. Again, suppose pregnancy lasted only an online classes hour, and constituted no threat to life or health.

And suppose that a woman becomes pregnant as a result of possible questions, rape. Admittedly she did not voluntarily do anything to pro and school uniforms bring about the possible existence of a child. Admittedly she did nothing at all which would give the essay about unborn person a right to the use of her body. Questions Defence! All the free online classes same it might well be said, as in the newly amended violinist story, that she ought to allow it to defence remain for pro and essays that hour--that it would be indecent of her to refuse. Now some people are inclined to use the term right in such a way that it follows from the fact that you ought to allow a person to possible for thesis defence use your body for the hour he needs, that he has a right to use your body for pro and the hour he needs, even though he has not been given that right by any person or act. They may say that it follows also that if you refuse, you act unjustly toward him.

This use of the for thesis defence term is perhaps so common that it cannot be called wrong; nevertheless it seems to me to be an pro and con on school unfortunate loosening of what we would do better to keep a tight rein on. Questions For Thesis! Suppose that box of chocolates I mentioned earlier had not been given to both boys jointly, but was given only to pro and con on the older boy. There he sits stolidly eating his way through the possible questions box. Pro And Con On School Uniforms Essays! his small brother watching enviously. Here we are likely to say, You ought not to be so mean. You ought to give your brother some of those chocolates. My own view is that it just does not follow from the truth of possible, this that the finn essays brother has any right to any of the defence chocolates. If the boy refuses to give his brother any he is greedy stingy. callous--but not unjust. About A Crowded City! I suppose that the people I have in mind will say it does follow that the brother has a right to some of the chocolates, and thus that the boy does act unjustly if he refuses to possible questions defence give his brother any. But the effect of con on uniforms, saying, this is to obscure what we should keep distinct, namely the difference between the boy's refusal in this case and the boy's refusal in the earlier case, in for thesis which the box was given to pro and con on essays both boys jointly, and in which the small brother thus had what was from any point of view clear title to half. A further objection to so using the term right that from the fact that A ought to do a thing for B it follows that R has a right against A that A do it for for thesis him, is essay about a crowded, that it is questions for thesis, going to make the question of whether or not a man has a right to a thing turn on how easy it is to cannot be realistic of the mearsheimer-walt thesis provide him with it; and for thesis defence this seems not merely unfortunate, but morally unacceptable. Take the property assign case of Henry Fonda again.

I said earlier that I had no right to the touch of his cool hand on my fevered brow even though I needed it to questions save my life. I said it would be frightfully nice of him to fly in from the West Coast to provide me with it, but that I had no right against him that he should do so. But suppose he isn't on free the West Coast. Suppose he has only to for thesis defence walk across the room, place a hand briefly on my brow--and lo, my life is thesis for huckleberry essays, saved. For Thesis! Then surely he ought to do it-it would be indecent to refuse. Is it to be said, Ah, well, it follows that in pro and uniforms essays this case she has a right to the touch of for thesis, his hand on her brow, and property assign so it would be an injustice in him to refuse?

So that I have a right to it when it is easy for him to provide it, though no right when it's hard? It's rather a shocking idea that anyone's rights should fade away and disappear as it gets harder and harder to accord them to him. So my own view is that even though you ought to let the violinist use your kidneys for the one hour he needs, we should not conclude that he has a right to do so--we should say that if you refuse, you are, like the boy who owns all the chocolates and will give none away, self-centered and possible questions callous, indecent in free online writing fact, but not unjust. And similarly, that even supposing a case in which a woman pregnant due to rape ought to allow the unborn person to questions defence use her body for the hour he needs, we should not conclude that he has a right to do so; we should say that she is self-centered, callous, indecent, but not unjust, if she refuses. Descriptive A Crowded City! The complaints are no less grave; they are just different. However, there is no need to possible defence insist on this point.

If anyone does wish to deduce he has a right from you ought, then all the finn same he must surely grant that there are cases in which it is not morally required of possible for thesis defence, you that you allow that violinist to use your kidneys, and in free online which he does not have a right to possible questions for thesis use them, and in which you do not do him an injustice if you refuse. Property Assign! And so also for mother and unborn child. Except in such cases as the unborn person has a right to demand it--and we were leaving open the possibility that there may be such cases--nobody is morally required to make large sacrifices, of health, of all other interests and concerns, of all other duties and questions commitments, for nine years, or even for nine months, in order to keep another person alive. We have in fact to distinguish between two kinds of Samaritan: the Good Samaritan and for huckleberry finn what we might call the Minimally Decent Samaritan. The story of the Good Samaritan, you will remember, goes like this: A certain man went down from Jerusalem to Jericho, and fell among thieves, which stripped him of his raiment, and wounded him, and departed, leaving him half dead. And by questions chance there came down a certain priest that way: and when he saw him, he passed by on the other side.

And likewise a Levite, when he was at the place, came and looked on him, and passed by on the other side. But a certain Samaritan, as he journeyed, came where he was, and when he saw him he had compassion on him. And went to him, and bound up his wounds, pouring in oil and wine, and set him on his own beast, and brought him to descriptive about city an inn, and took care of him. And on the morrow, when he departed, he took out two pence, and possible gave them to the host, and be realistic of the thesis said unto him, Take care of him; and possible for thesis defence whatsoever thou spendest more, when I come again, I will repay thee. (Luke 10:30-35) The Good Samaritan went out of his way, at some cost to himself, to help one in free classes need of it. We are not told what the possible questions for thesis options were, that is, whether or not the priest and the Levite could have helped by doing less than the Good Samaritan did, but assuming they could have, then the fact they did nothing at all shows they were not even Minimally Decent Samaritans, not because they were not Samaritans, but because they were not even minimally decent. These things are a matter of degree, of course, but there is a difference, and it comes out perhaps most clearly in writing the story of Kitty Genovese, who, as you will remember, was murdered while thirty-eight people watched or listened, and did nothing at possible questions for thesis all to help her.

A Good Samaritan would have rushed out to give direct assistance against the murderer. Or perhaps we had better allow that it would have been a Splendid Samaritan who did this, on the ground that it would have involved a risk of death for himself. But the thirty-eight not only descriptive a crowded city, did not do this, they did not even trouble to pick up a phone to call the possible questions defence police. Minimally Decent Samaritanism would call for doing at least that, and their not having done it was monstrous. After telling the story of the thesis Good Samaritan, Jesus said, Go, and do thou likewise.

Perhaps he meant that we are morally required to act as the Good Samaritan did. Perhaps he was urging people to do more than is morally required of them. At all events it seems plain that it was not morally required of any of the thirty-eight that he rush out to questions give direct assistance at the risk of city, his own life, and that it is not morally required of anyone that he give long stretches of his life--nine years or nine months--to sustaining the life of a person who has no special right (we were leaving open the possibility of this) to demand it. Indeed, with one rather striking class of possible defence, exceptions, no one in any country in property assign the world is legally required to do anywhere near as much as this for possible questions for thesis anyone else. The class of exceptions is obvious. My main concern here is not the state of the law in online writing classes respect to possible for thesis defence abortion, but it is worth drawing attention to the fact that in no state in this country is any man compelled by law to be even a Minimally Recent Samaritan to ignorance be realistic a critique mearsheimer-walt thesis any person; there is no law under which charges could be brought against the thirty eight who stood by while Kitty Genovese died.

By contrast, in defence most states in this country women are compelled by law to be not merely Minimally Decent Samaritans, but Good Samaritans to unborn persons inside them. This doesn't by ignorance cannot be realistic of the thesis itself settle anything one way or the other, because it may well be argued that there should be laws in this country as there are in many European countries--compelling at least Minimally Decent Samaritanism. But it does show that there is a gross injustice in the existing state of the law. And it shows also that the groups currently working against liberalization of abortion laws, in fact working toward having it declared unconstitutional for a state to for thesis permit abortion, had better start working for the adoption of pro and school uniforms, Good Samaritan laws generally, or earn the charge that they are acting in bad faith. I should think, myself, that Minimally Decent Samaritan laws would be one thing, Good Samaritan laws quite another, and in fact highly improper.

But we are not here concerned with the law. What we should ask is not whether anybody should be compelled by law to be a Good Samaritan, but whether we must accede to a situation in which somebody is being compelled--by nature, perhaps--to be a Good Samaritan. We have, in questions for thesis defence other words, to look now at third-party interventions. I have been arguing that no person is morally required to make large sacrifices to online writing classes sustain the life of questions, another who has no right to pro and uniforms demand them, and this even where the sacrifices do not include life itself; we are not morally required to be Good Samaritans or anyway Very Good Samaritans to one another. But what if a man cannot extricate himself from possible for thesis such a situation? What if he appeals to us to extricate him? It seems to me plain that there are cases in which we can, cases in which a Good Samaritan would extricate him. There you are, you were kidnapped, and nine years in bed with that violinist lie ahead of you.

You have your own life to lead. You are sorry, but you simply cannot see giving up so much of your life to the sustaining of his. You cannot extricate yourself, and ask us to con on school do so. Questions For Thesis Defence! I should have thought that--in light of his having no right to the use of property assign, your body--it was obvious that we do not have to accede to your being forced to give up so much. We can do what you ask. There is no injustice to the violinist in our doing so. Following the lead of the opponents of abortion, I have throughout been speaking of the fetus merely as a person, and what I have been asking is whether or not the argument we began with, which proceeds only from the fetus's being a person, really does establish its conclusion.

I have argued that it does not. But of course there are arguments and arguments, and possible questions defence it may be said that I have simply fastened on for huckleberry finn the wrong one. It may be said that what is important is not merely the fact that the fetus is a person, but that it is a person for whom the questions woman has a special kind of responsibility issuing from the fact that she is its mother. And it might be argued that all my analogies are therefore irrelevant--for you do not have that special kind of responsibility for that violinist; Henry Fonda does not have that special kind of responsibility for me. And our attention might be drawn to the fact that men and women both are compelled by law to provide support for their children. I have in effect dealt (briefly) with this argument in section 4 above; but a (still briefer) recapitulation now may be in order. Surely we do not have any such special responsibility for a person unless we have assumed it, explicitly or implicitly. If a set of parents do not try to prevent pregnancy, do not obtain an abortion, but rather take it home with them, then they have assumed responsibility for con on school uniforms essays it, they have given it rights, and questions for thesis defence they cannot now withdraw support from it at the cost of its life because they now find it difficult to go on mba it studies providing for it. But if they have taken all reasonable precautions against questions for thesis defence having a child, they do not simply by virtue of their biological relationship to the child who comes into existence have a special responsibility for it. They may wish to assume responsibility for it, or they may not wish to. And I am suggesting that if assuming responsibility for it would require large sacrifices, then they may refuse.

A Good Samaritan would not refuse--or anyway, a Splendid Samaritan, if the sacrifices that had to property assign be made were enormous. But then so would a Good Samaritan assume responsibility for that violinist; so would Henry Fonda, if he is a Good Samaritan, fly in from the West Coast and assume responsibility for me. My argument will be found unsatisfactory on two counts by many of those who want to regard abortion as morally permissible. First, while I do argue that abortion is not impermissible, I do not argue that it is always permissible. Questions! There may well be cases in which carrying the child to term requires only Minimally Decent Samaritanism of the mother, and this is a standard we must not fall below. I am inclined to think it a merit of my account precisely that it does not give a general yes or a general no. It allows for and supports our sense that, for property assign example, a sick and desperately frightened fourteen-year-old schoolgirl, pregnant due to rape, may of possible defence, course choose abortion, and thesis for huckleberry essays that any law which rules this out is an insane law. And it also allows for and supports our sense that in other cases resort to abortion is possible for thesis defence, even positively indecent. It would be indecent in the woman to request an con on school uniforms abortion, and for thesis indecent in a doctor to perform it, if she is in her seventh month, and wants the abortion just to avoid the nuisance of for huckleberry, postponing a trip abroad.

The very fact that the arguments I have been drawing attention to treat all cases of abortion, or even all cases of abortion in questions for thesis which the mother's life is property assign, not at stake, as morally on a par ought to have made them suspect at the outset. Second, while I am arguing for the permissibility of abortion in some cases, I am not arguing for the right to secure the questions defence death of the unborn child. It is easy to essay a crowded city confuse these two things in that up to a certain point in the life of the fetus it is possible for thesis defence, not able to survive outside the mother's body; hence removing it from pro and school essays her body guarantees its death. But they are importantly different. Questions For Thesis Defence! I have argued that you are not morally required to spend nine months in bed, sustaining the life of that violinist, but to say this is by ignorance be realistic mearsheimer-walt no means to say that if, when you unplug yourself, there is a miracle and for thesis defence he survives, you then have a right to turn round and slit his throat. You may detach yourself even if this costs him his life; you have no right to be guaranteed his death, by some other means, if unplugging yourself does not kill him. For Huckleberry Finn! There are some people who will feel dissatisfied by this feature of my argument. A woman may be utterly devastated by the thought of a child, a bit of herself, put out for adoption and possible questions for thesis never seen or heard of again.

She may therefore want not merely that the child be detached from her, but more, that it die. Some opponents of abortion are inclined to regard this as beneath contempt--thereby showing insensitivity to what is property assign, surely a powerful source of despair. All the for thesis same, I agree that the desire for the child's death is not one which anybody may gratify, should it turn out to be possible to detach the child alive. At this place, however, it should be remembered that we have only been pretending throughout that the fetus is a human being from the mba it case moment of conception. A very early abortion is surely not the killing of a person, and possible questions so is not dealt with by anything I have said here.