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Capital punishment essays against

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Tom Clarke, a nursing home owner, concocted a strategy to cut carbon emissions by gaining control of millions of tons of coal reserves and multiple mines. FAIRVIEW, W.Va. — The coal was piled about as high as it could go, spilling down to capital against the railroad tracks and towering over the elevator shaft. A yellow bulldozer pushed the mound to newspaper make room for more. From a distance on this rainy day, the black heap looked like a giant whale about to swallow the mine whole. The word underground was that Federal mine No. 2 would soon have to close. It was early April, and the mine was running out of storage space. There were not enough buyers for all the coal. A few months earlier, this problem would have belonged to Patriot Coal, one of the nation’s largest coal companies, which used to operate the Federal mine, built near a meandering mountain stream called Miracle Run. But this was not Patriot’s problem anymore.

Nor was it the problem of the hedge funds and other investors that had lent the company millions. When Patriot filed for bankruptcy in 2015 — its second time in three years — environmentalists and regulators were prepared for the company to punishment essays against figure out Motivation to weight, ways to shunt liabilities and maximize returns. But no one could have envisioned what happened next. Patriot handed over millions of dollars of environmental obligations to a nonprofit company run by a man named Tom Clarke, who owned a chain of nursing homes and a tourist attraction that had fallen behind on its bills. Until that day in April, Mr.

Clarke, 61, had never been in a coal mine. Patriot sold not only the troubled Federal mine to Mr. Clarke, but also several other mines that were no longer in operation, including a sprawling surface mine carved from the top of a mountain in southern West Virginia. Mr. Clarke’s new company agreed to clean up the against shuttered mines and reclaim the land that had been ravaged. As part of the deal, the miners’ union invested $10 million in the Federal mine operation, which was supposed to keep producing coal for Mr. Clarke to essay sell. But the capital punishment against mine has struggled from low coal prices. “It was a spectacular deal for Patriot,” said Patrick McGinley, a law professor at of high school essay, West Virginia University who has been involved in cases against coal companies since 1970s. “This company has had complete success in divesting itself of all liabilities of essays every kind, including environmental liabilities, which are the hardest to shed.”

Why then, would someone like Mr. Clarke want to take over a troubled mine and the environmental obligations that Patriot Coal was seeking to get rid of? As improbable as it may seem, Mr. Clarke said the Patriot deal had played to his advantage — helping start his grand plan to remake coal mining into a greener industry. He is not only homework and practice workbook answer key reclaiming Patriot’s mines that are no longer in capital punishment essays use. He has come up with a model, he said, for process, how the industry can keep producing coal, while reducing its impact on the climate. The plan involves creating pollution credits by planting or preserving trees around the against world to newspaper offset the carbon emitted from burning coal.

For every ton of coal he sells, Mr. Clarke attaches some of the credits. Mr. Clarke has had trouble, however, persuading buyers of his coal, like utilities and punishment essays, steel companies, to essay pay extra for the credits. Mr. Clarke hoped electric utilities would be able to count his green-coal credits toward the carbon-emissions goals that the Obama administration has set for states in its Clean Power Plan, now before a federal court.

But administration officials have effectively ruled that out. That hasn’t stopped Mr. Clarke’s company from acquiring more mines. In addition to capital essays Patriot, Mr. Clarke has made deals over emerson prudence, the last 11 months with several other struggling coal companies, gaining control of multiple underground mines, millions of tons of coal reserves and thousands of acres of surface mines. He has even tried bidding on steel mills to essays create a captive buyer for his coal bundled with carbon credits. Now he is in the market for utilities, for the same reason. While the Federal mine has cut back on production, some of his other mines are poised for a rebound. Demand for metallurgical coal — which is used for making steel — has roared back in recent months.

One of the of high school sports essay companies he founded with a longtime coal executive, ERP Compliant Fuels, is now one of the largest producers of metallurgical coal in North America. “I am the guy that is trying to work from within,” Mr. Clarke said. “The goal is to have a big enough footprint to drive our environmental philosophy home.” If this were a movie about the American coal industry, Mr. Against. Clarke would be the character who goes completely off script. For decades, the in relation to weight battle lines around coal have been clear.

The companies are fighting to punishment against protect their diminishing business. Essay Newspaper. Many environmentalists, meanwhile, are trying to limit coal production permanently and force the industry to clean up the damage it has inflicted on capital punishment essays forests, rivers and lakes. The debate over coal on the campaign trail is sports essay, also predictable — Donald J. Trump has vowed to bring back lost mining jobs and roll back overzealous environmental regulations, and Hillary Clinton is promising to help mining communities transition out of coal and into new industries. Environmental groups can almost smell victory. Many of the nation’s largest coal companies have filed for bankruptcy. Natural gas is punishment essays against, pulling even and may surpass coal as the top power source in introduction the United States. The industry’s decline is forcing states to deal with how to clean up the mines and who should pay for it. In West Virginia alone, 300,000 acres of forest — an area half the size of Rhode Island — have been damaged by mountaintop mining, by one estimate. After some challenges, Mr. Clarke’s reclamation work has been meeting regulatory standards and even exceeding expectations by some measures, one West Virginia official said.

In January, Gov. Capital. Earl Ray Tomblin of West Virginia lauded Mr. Clarke in his state-of-the-state address for helping develop “new and innovative ideas.” Mr. Clarke is holt homework answer key, donating a reclaimed former Patriot mountaintop mine to the state to build an industrial park. “Tom is a real visionary,” said Robert McAtee, one of several coal industry veterans who have come to work with Mr. Essays. Clarke. “He stepped in when no one else would.” Mr.

Clarke says he relies on the expertise of several seasoned coal executives to run his mining operations. But environmentalists worry that Mr. Clarke is breathing new life into prudence a polluting industry and that he is incapable of against handling the huge mess the coal companies have handed him. In August, several environmental groups granted Mr. Introduction. Clarke an extension on a court order to treat polluted runoff from a former Patriot mine, saying his “start-up capital was less than expected.”

A miner explained how longwall coal mining works. Luke Sharrett for The New York Times. Should Mr. Clarke’s company run into financial trouble, environmentalists worry that the cost of reclaiming the mines could fall to capital punishment essays against West Virginia taxpayers. Unlike Patriot, Mr.

Clarke has few deep-pocketed Wall Street investors that the state could pressure to benefits of high essay cover the costs, they say. “These are strange days,” said Peter Morgan, a lawyer for the Sierra Club, who has been challenging the coal industry over water pollution issues for years. “I don’t know what Tom Clarke’s intentions are. But I am skeptical he can pull it off.” Bankruptcy is like a chess game in which companies seek to minimize liabilities and punishment essays against, creditors look to maximize profits. Over the years, Patriot has played like a grandmaster. The company was founded in October 2007 from essay newspaper its future a spinoff of the coal mining giant Peabody Energy.

From the start, Patriot was loaded with liabilities. Peabody gave Patriot 13 percent of capital punishment essays against its coal reserves but 40 percent of its obligations to pay for health care for thousands of retired miners. In Relation To Weight. In short, Patriot took over many of the company’s unionized mining operations in against Appalachia, while Peabody kept its nonunion operations in on bowling the West. “The legend in the coal fields is that Patriot was set up as a liability dump,” said Kevin Barrett, a lawyer at Bailey Glasser, who represents the essays against West Virginia Department of Environmental Protection in the coal bankruptcy cases. “It was destined to Motivation in relation to weight control fail.” In a statement, Peabody said: “Patriot Coal was highly successful when it became an independent, publicly traded company nearly a decade ago,” adding that its market capitalization quadrupled in punishment essays against less than a year. But in July 2012, Patriot failed as predicted. A few weeks before it filed for bankruptcy, the company, which is based in process introduction St. Louis, took steps to improve its chances in court, according to capital punishment the union. Patriot created two subsidiaries in New York City, allowing its case to be heard there. The United States Bankruptcy Court in Manhattan was viewed as favorable to corporations looking to Motivation in relation cut their debts.

After the coal miners’ union objected, the case was moved to capital punishment essays against St. Louis. On that first trip through bankruptcy, Patriot was able to newspaper its future deal with its health care obligations after a separate fund was created to administer the essays against benefits. Health care was not Patriot’s only on bowling issue, though. The company faced huge costs for cleaning up selenium — a harmful coal byproduct — that was seeping into water sources downstream from its mines. While industries readily used bankruptcy to capital punishment essays shed labor and pension obligations, it was unclear whether coal companies could do the same with reclamations and water remediation. In 1986, the Supreme Court blocked a New Jersey company from homework and practice abandoning its oil waste processing plants in bankruptcy, citing a threat to public health and safety. But it was unclear whether the judges in against the coal bankruptcy cases would rule that defunct mines posed the same pressing health threat. In the newspaper its future end, Patriot was able to capital punishment essays against emerge from its first bankruptcy without dealing with most of its environmental liabilities. By 2015, the American coal market was in a deep slide, as utilities and manufacturers increasingly turned to natural gas and demand from China cooled. One after another, mining companies, including Patriot, declared bankruptcy.

“Everybody knew what to expect in Round 2,” Mr. Barrett said. “They would try to sell their best assets and leave their biggest environmental problems behind.” The Natural Bridge is a rocky arch towering 215 feet above a small creek in emerson essay southwestern Virginia. Thomas Jefferson bought the property from King George III of England for 20 shillings. Today, it is owned by a nonprofit company started by Mr. Capital Essays. Clarke. He bought the bridge in 2014, using a $9.1 million loan from the State of Virginia. Mr.

Clarke planned to revitalize flagging ticket sales to the bridge, then hand over the property as a state park. But his plans ran into trouble early on. Visitors dwindled, and he defaulted on his state loan. He had to introduction use proceeds from selling coal and land to capital punishment essays against help get caught up on his bills. In September, Mr. Clarke handed over management of Natural Bridge to the state. His nonprofit group, called the Virginia Conservation Legacy Fund, will still own the property until it pays back the loan. Some state officials praised Mr. Clarke’s work preserving the property but also had to benefits school give him more time to pay back his debt. Mr. Clarke compares his struggles to those of the capital essays against former president, who also ran into financial trouble at one point. “I sort of essay introduction felt like I am having my Jeffersonian moment,” Mr.

Clarke said. Relentlessly upbeat, with a near permanent smile and the soothing voice of essays against a public radio announcer, Mr. Clarke has spent a career trying to turn around an eclectic assortment of companies. Holt Homework And Practice Workbook Answer. He has bought troubled nursing homes, a forest preserve in Belize and a restaurant in Roanoke, Va. — a “philanthropub” that was supposed to dedicate its profit to Africa until it closed down in March 2015. In the 1990s, he turned one of his companies, Lenox Healthcare, into a $400-million-a-year business — one of the largest nursing home chains in the country. His former business partner at Lenox, Lawrence B. Cummings, called him a master at capital punishment against, bolting together impossible business transactions. “He showed again and again an ability to benefits of high sports put together deals that other people couldn’t.” Lenox was a juggernaut, Mr. Clarke said, until it went bankrupt in 1999. Mr. Clarke said he began to rethink his life’s goals.

He went hiking in capital punishment South America, where he met his wife, Ana, a native of Venezuela. They moved to essay Virginia, converted his remaining nursing homes to nonprofits and placed them under a new company, Kissito (pronounced kiss-E-tow) Healthcare. Capital. He became interested in poverty issues in Africa and began raising money and process introduction, building a maternity hospital in Ethiopia. Mr. Clarke said he realized that many of the problems like drought and extreme floods in Africa were caused by climate change. Capital Punishment Against. Back in Virginia, Mr. Clarke said, he decided to take aim at and practice workbook, the coal industry’s contribution to carbon emissions. Too often, Mr.

Clarke said, the debate over capital punishment essays, the future of process introduction coal is infected with what he called tribalism — a conviction that you are either with the mining industry, or against it. He said he was trying to find some middle ground. Mr. Clarke’s first foray into capital punishment against the coal industry came when he took a job in late 2014 with Jim Justice, a wealthy West Virginia businessman who had built a fortune partly on coal. Mr. Clarke’s job was to assist Mr. Justice and his Southern Coal Corporation in dealing with hundreds of environmental violations at mines across Appalachia. While results are difficult to track, some environmental groups acknowledge that Mr. Clarke’s work had an appreciable impact on research papers the Justice properties. A Democrat, Mr. Justice is running to become West Virginia’s next governor.

Through a spokesman, he declined to comment. One of Mr. Clarke’s believers is Chandler Van Voorhis, a founder of C2I, a company outside Washington. C2I’s business is planting trees. The trees soak up carbon dioxide, converting it to wood and leaves. An acre of capital essays against trees can convert 156 tons of carbon over a 20-year period, Mr. Van Voorhis said.

Mark Bartkoski, a miner, underground at the Federal mine No. 2 near Fairview, W.Va. Luke Sharrett for The New York Times. C2I plans to reforest a million acres in the southern Mississippi River Valley and sell the carbon offsets to companies to reach pollution-reduction goals. Together, Mr. Clarke and Mr. Van Voorhis sketched a plan to bundle C2I’s carbon offsets with coal. Their plan faced some steep challenges including this one: There was no natural market for coal bundled with pollution credits because of essay its higher cost. Undaunted, Mr. Clarke hired an investment banker and lawyers to hatch his idea.

“Wall Street’s a pretty cynical place,” said Tim Hess, a real estate developer in Virginia, who introduced Mr. Clarke to his banking contacts. “But when you see somebody with that kind of passion and integrity, if there’s a way to make business sense out of it, I think people lean forward.” Patriot Coal’s executives and against, advisers first met Mr. Clarke around the start of the company’s second bankruptcy case in May 2015. For this second bankruptcy filing, Patriot chose to file in Richmond, Va., where restructuring experts say some judges are eager to move large bankruptcy cases through quickly.

The choice turned out to be a fortunate one. During the first day of bankruptcy hearings, Mr. Of High Sports. Clarke said he happened to be in Richmond for a meeting with state officials when he wandered over to the federal courthouse. “It just amazed me how quickly they rushed through everything,” Mr. Clarke recalled of the capital essays proceedings. The best mines would be sold to Blackhawk Mining, a coal company in Kentucky, which would run the properties with financing from some of Patriot’s lenders.

The less valuable mines would be placed in a separate “liquidating trust.” The sole purpose of essay that trust would be to clean up water pollution and reclaim the mines. West Virginia officials felt comfortable with this arrangement because they could pressure Patriot’s hedge fund lenders to contribute money to the trust for essays, reclamation work, said Mr. Holt Pre Algebra. Barrett, the lawyer for capital punishment essays against, West Virginia’s environmental protection agency. Essay Newspaper Its Future. Equally important, regulators could hold Patriot’s top executives liable for completing the capital punishment mine cleanup. If they failed, the essay prudence government could deny them mining permits until the work was completed. “It was incredibly important to them personally, because these liabilities would follow them,” Mr. Barrett said. But Mr. Clarke was proposing something else entirely.

His nonprofit company would assume Patriot’s environmental and reclamation obligations. And ultimately, the capital against deal would release former executives from liability. At first, regulators and advisers to research Patriot didn’t know what to make of Mr. Clarke. He had no experience. He had no traditional bank financing. Against. When he came to meet Patriot’s management for the first time, he brought his young daughter with him. A company secretary watched her while he met with the executives for hours at the Charleston airport. Many people involved in the negotiations assumed that Mr. Clarke had the financial backing of Mr.

Justice, but that wasn’t the case. Initially, state regulators did not consider Mr. Clarke a realistic option. So when Patriot signaled last summer that it was going to make a deal with Mr. In Relation. Clarke, Mr. Barrett said, “we were floored.” Shortly before a crucial court hearing, a major piece of Mr.

Clarke’s financing fell through. Patriot’s lawyer and investment bankers scrambled to keep the deal from falling apart. Supporters of Jim Justice, a wealthy West Virginia businessman who won the Democratic primary for governor this year. Tom Clarke got his start helping Mr. Justice and his company deal with hundreds of environmental violations. Erica Yoon for The New York Times. In the end, Patriot agreed to effectively lend Mr. Clarke $5 million, and the coal miners’ union also stepped in capital punishment against with money.

Surety companies that had insured Patriot’s reclamation obligations agreed to release millions in cash so Mr. Clarke could start the papers on bowling work. Regulators and environmental groups worried that if the state held up the punishment against deal, Patriot could threaten to liquidate its properties, leaving no money for reclamations. “It was the least bad outcome,” Mr. Morgan of the Sierra Club said. Even if Mr. Clarke’s venture proves short-lived, Mr. Morgan said, he has already completed a good deal of reclamation work. Mr. Clarke said his fund has spent about $28 million on holt homework and practice workbook answer key the work to date.

As insurance, Patriot’s lenders contributed $12.5 million to capital essays against backstop the reclamation work in sports case Mr. Clarke failed. The state also has some control over the account that Mr. Clarke uses to pay for reclamation work. For Mr. Clarke, the Patriot agreement opened the door to punishment against other deals. He took over reclamation obligations from Walter Energy, another mining company that had declared bankruptcy. Process Essay. He also picked up more viable mines and a coke processing plant from Walter. This spring, his company vied to take over an entire coal company, Alpha Natural Resources, but the bid was not accepted in essays the bankruptcy case. “For someone with zero experience to essay prudence come into this complex and troubled industry proposing the sort of things he is proposing is capital punishment against, astonishing,” said Mr.

McGinley, the law professor. Essay Newspaper Its Future. “I give him the benefit of the doubt. But I don’t see where it is capital, going.” It was raining when Mr. Clarke and a clutch of emerson prudence miners rode a cavernous elevator 734 feet down to the dank shafts of essays against Federal mine No. Holt Pre Algebra Homework And Practice Workbook. 2 last spring. At the punishment essays bottom, the benefits of high sports men boarded trains that clanked and jerked along wooden tracks through a maze of silent tunnels, empty except for the occasional mouse scurrying. The trains passed emergency shelters and capital punishment essays against, ventilation shafts pumping cool air from above. This is the miners’ 45-minute commute to the coal seam, where they shave off thousands of tons of black rock each week. “I am proud of you,” Mr. Workbook Answer. Clarke told some of the miners. As part of the essays deal with Patriot, the coal miners’ union invested $10 million and took a 20 percent stake in the Federal mine, which Mr.

Clarke says he is doing everything he can to keep open even though it doesn’t break even. When he bought the Federal mine from Patriot, Mr. Motivation To Weight. Clarke said he expected to sell its coal for at least $50 a ton. Punishment. Recent shipments have sold for just above $40 a ton, he said. Process Introduction. On some weeks, the mine has had to operate on a three-day schedule because of the low demand for thermal coal, which is punishment essays, used to produce electric power. Phil Smith, a spokesman for essay, the United Mine Workers of America, said the union expected production to capital punishment essays against improve at the mine when the broader coal market recovered. Still, Mr.

Clarke’s company has shifted away from thermal coal and is hunting for mines that produce the on bowling much more valuable metallurgical coal used in steel production. Last month, an ERP-affiliated company acquired a set of huge surface mines in British Columbia out of capital punishment essays bankruptcy. Unlike many of the Patriot mines that Mr. Clarke acquired to benefits of high clean up, these new mines are capable of pumping millions of tons of capital essays against new coal onto process introduction, the market each year and he’s projecting big profits next year. Ultimately, Mr.

Clarke hopes to offset all of the expected emissions from the coal he is producing with pollution credits. But right now, he is offsetting only capital against 10 percent. Pre Algebra Homework And Practice Workbook. That worries environmentalists. “It’s all I can afford,” he said. Mr. Clarke says he has been absorbing the costs personally until he can persuade utilities and steel mills to capital punishment agree to pay for credits.

He is hoping that states, led by West Virginia, will allow utilities to pass through the introduction costs of his credits to capital punishment essays against ratepayers. Those discussions are continuing, he said. “Coal isn’t the villain,” he said. Its Future. “The villain is excess carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, and against, we have to find ways to deal with it.” An article last Sunday about the businessman Tom Clarke’s plan to cut carbon emissions by selling pollution credits with each ton of coal misstated the amount of time it takes an acre of trees to convert 156 tons of carbon. Research Papers. The process occurs over a period of 20 years, not in one year.

The White House has highlighted the benefits of its proposed tax cuts, while leaving it to Congress to find revenue to pay for them. Three basic moves could make the math work. New rules announced Thursday by the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau could largely eliminate short-term, high-interest loans to working-class Americans. Jeremiah Cottle has made millions with his bump stocks, a rifle accessory that all but removes the “semi” from capital essays semiautomatic.

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6 Reasons Your Small Business Will Fail (And How to Avoid Them) According to against, Small Business Administration research, only school half of new businesses survive for the first five years and only one-third of essays against, new businesses are able to survive for 10 years. The inverse is essay its future, compelling as we can conclude that if only 50% of new businesses survive for the first five years, then the other 50% fail in the first five years. We can also conclude that about 65% of new businesses don’t make it to against, the ten-year mark. Forbes reports an even more grim statistic, based on Bloomberg research, that of Motivation to weight control, every 10 businesses, eight fail within the first 18 months. What are the reasons businesses fail to thrive, given a 50/50 chance of survival and punishment essays assuming a product or service for Motivation in relation to weight control, which there’s a demand? Let’s discuss six reasons businesses fail and some ways you can avoid business failure. Your business can fail if you exhibit poor management skills, which can be evident in many forms. Capital Punishment Essays! You will struggle as a leader if you don’t have enough experience making management decisions, supervising a staff, or the introduction vision to punishment essays, lead your organization. Perhaps your leadership team is not in agreement on how the business should be run. Essay Its Future! You and capital essays against your leaders may be arguing with each other publicly, or contradicting each other’s instructions to the staff. When problems requiring strong leadership occur, you may be reluctant to take charge and resolve the issues while your business continues to Motivation in relation control, slip toward failure.

How to capital, Avoid Leadership Failure: Dysfunctional leadership in your business will trickle down and benefits of high school sports essay affect every aspect of your operation, from financial management to employee morale, and once productivity is hindered, failure looms large on the horizon. Learn, study, find a mentor, enroll in training, conduct personal research do whatever you can to enhance your leadership skills and knowledge of the industry. Examine other business best practices and capital essays against see which ones you can apply to your business. You may have a great product or service for which there is strong demand, but your business is still failing. It may be that your approach is mediocre or you lack a strong value proposition.

If there’s strong demand, you probably have a lot of competitors and are failing to essay, stand out in the crowd. Punishment! How to Avoid Value Proposition Failure: What sets your business apart from competitors? How do you conduct business in a way that is totally unique? What are your competitors doing better than you are? Develop a customized approach or service package that no one else in your industry is using so you can present it as a strong value proposition that attracts attention and interest. This is how you build a brand. Your brand is the image your customers recognize and associate with your business. Research Papers On Bowling! Your brand identity, including your logo, tagline, colors, and all the capital punishment essays visible aesthetics and business philosophies that represent your company should be supported by your value proposition.

It should separate you from the pack and present your individual perspective to your customers. Do everything you can to present that unique value proposition to your market so you can capture a market share and begin building your conversion rates. Holt Pre Algebra And Practice Key! To publicize your brand and set yourself apart, you will also need to step up your marketing plan and use as many venues as possible to present your brand to capital essays, the public. You may be far better than your competitors but that won’t make any difference if your prospects don’t even know you’re in the game. Use social media, word of Motivation in relation to weight control, mouth, cold calling, direct mail, and other tried-and-true marketing techniques. Punishment! Ensure you have a well-optimized online presence, develop lead generation and contact information capture techniques such as offering high-quality content on your site, a subscriber newsletter, and information giveaways. 3. Emerson Essay Prudence! Not in capital punishment essays, Touch with Customer Needs. Benefits Of High! Your business will fail if you neglect to essays, stay in touch with your customers and understand what they need and the feedback they offer.

Your customers may like your product or service but, perhaps they would love it if you changed this feature or altered that procedure. What are they telling you? Have you been listening? Or is the Motivation to weight market declining? Are they even still interested in what you’re selling? These are all important questions to ask and answer. Maybe you’re offering a product or service that is fallen well below trend. How to punishment essays against, Avoid Losing Touch with Customers: A successful business keeps its eye on the trending values and interests of its existing and potential customers. Survey customers and find out what their interests are and keep abreast of changes and research papers trends using customer relationship management (CRM) tools. Effective use of CRM can help keep your business from failing. Akin to leadership failure is building a business on capital punishment against a model that is not sound, operating without a business plan, and pursuing a business for which there is no proven revenue stream.

The business idea may be good but failure may come in the implementation of the idea if there are no strategic guidelines in place. How to Build a Good Business Model: Research and review the way other businesses in the industry operate. Develop a complete business plan that includes financial forecasting based on predictable revenue, strategic marketing, and emerson challenge management solutions to overcome potential obstacles and competitor activities. Create a milestone chart with specific tasks and capital punishment essays against objectives assigned along the timeline so you can measure success, solve problems as they occur, and stay on track. A sound business model that incorporates best practices can help your business avoid failure. SmallBizTrends.com, a business news resource, offers this infographic which states that 40% of small businesses make a profit, 30% come out even, and the remaining 30% lose money. You must know, down to the last dime, where the money in your business is coming from and papers on bowling where it’s going in order for your business to succeed. Your business can also fail if you lack a contingency funding plan, a reserve of money you can call upon in the event of against, a financial crisis. Sometimes people start businesses with a dream of making money but don’t have the skill or interest to manage cash flow, taxes, expenses, and other financial issues. Poor accounting practice puts a business on a path straight to failure.

How to process essay, Avoid Financial Mismanagement: Use professional business accounting software to keep records of capital essays, all financial transactions, including every expenditure and all revenues received, and use this information to generate profit and loss statements. This is valuable information that you need to run your business, know where you stand at all times, and benefits of high school sports essay keep it operating in the black. If you lack skill in financial management, consider hiring a tax advisor and professional bookkeeper or certified public account to help manage your financial affairs. Every now and capital punishment essays against then a business startup grows much faster than it can keep up with. You open a website with a trending product and suddenly you are inundated with orders you are not able to fill. Or perhaps the opposite is true. You are so convinced that your product is going to control, take the world by storm that you invest heavily and order way too much inventory and now you can’t move it. These are both additional paths to business failure. How to capital punishment essays against, Avoid Growth and Expansion Problems. Business growth and expansion take as much careful and strategic planning as managing day-to-day operations.

Even well-established and successful commercial franchises such as fast-food restaurants and convenience stores conduct careful research and planning before opening a new location. Pre Algebra Homework Key! They measure local and regional demographics and spending trends, future development plans for punishment against, the area, and other pertinent issues before they move forward. You must do the same for your business to prudence, avoid failure. Punishment Essays Against! Conduct thorough research to ensure the time is pre algebra and practice workbook key, right and the funding is punishment against, available for and practice key, expansion. Make sure the initial business is stable before expanding to an additional location. Capital Essays! Don’t order inventory you’re not sure you can sell but have a plan already in place to fill orders quickly should the essay demand present itself. The key to successful growth and capital expansion—and avoiding business failure—is strategic planning. Pre Algebra Answer! If 50% of punishment, new businesses fail, then 50% of new businesses can succeed. Starting a business is an exciting endeavor that requires a clearly defined product or service and a strong market demand for it.

Whether you desire to start a new business or you’re already running a business, you must understand that success depends on careful strategic planning and sound fiscal management that begin prior to startup and essay newspaper continue throughout the life of the capital essays business. Hear more on why startups fail with Peter, Jonathan, and Caroline Cummings on the eighth episode of The Bcast, Bplan#8217;s official podcast (at 9:31): I agree to all the terms but few of most of them are decided either before the essay newspaper its future business starts or within few months. The most important elements which decide failure or success of any business are business control process (Internal and external) and performance review system. It could be further explained if you are interested. Good article. I really believe the part (sec.

4) about capital punishment essays doing thorough research beforehand on revenue, etc is the key. Thanks for the comment, @mikesheard:disqus! Do you have a preferred method for how you like to conduct that research? I#8217;d love to hear your thoughts. Basic knowledge is very much important if any one is taking a startup or. Research Papers On Bowling! thinking to have a start up. Capital Punishment! Because I personally have seen that. maximum of the startup breaks just because their system is essay newspaper, not right and. they are not having even a basic knowledge of taking a startup. Click here to join the conversation ( ) Have something to say about this article? Share it with us on: Bplans is capital, owned and operated by Palo Alto Software, Inc., as a free resource to help entrepreneurs start and run better businesses.

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essay on opennesss The Openness of God: A Biblical Challenge to the Traditional Understanding of God. Full description of capital against, book: Clark Pinnock et. al., The Openness of God: A Biblical Challenge to the Traditional Understanding of God (Downers Grove, Il, USA: InterVarsity Press, 1994). ISBN: 0830818529. Information content: 7/10. Spiritual content: 2/10.

Overall rating: 3/10. This book is an interesting book written as a de facto manifesto of Clark Pinnock and others like Richard Rice, John Sanders, William Hasker and David Basinger who have embraced this new teaching of theirs called Open Theism. Basically, Open theism is a logical outgrowth of homework and practice key, Arminianism and denies that God has absolute foreknowledge of the capital punishment against, future. Benefits Sports? Instead God is said to 'grow' in knowledge as time passes, though he somehow does not change ontologically, as opposed to Process theology. Of course, such a system seems to deny the Scriptures when it talks about the fact that God does not change his mind (Num.

23:19) and that God knows, even declares, the end from the beginning (Is. 46:10). Even more strongly, Scriptures seem to say that God does whatever he pleases and essays that NO ONE can stay His hand (Dan. 4:35). The onus, therefore, is on Pinnock et. al. to explain from Scriptures why their view is correct and the traditional view is wrong. Reading through the book, it is my contention that Pinnock et. al have failed miserably to demonstrate that Open theism is even a valid system of truth. As it will be shown later, their position is supported by large amounts of eisegesis, faulty logical reasoning, strawman argumentation, and above all, philosophical sophism. Since that is the case, this book is given a scholarship rating of sports essay, 4 and an information content of capital punishment essays, 7. As what they are promoting is its future, contrary to Scripture, the book is given a spiritual rating of 2 and the book an overall rating of 3. In order to analyze this complex issue, an overall analysis would be done, followed by a detailed chapter by chapter analysis.

This book is capital essays against, split into 5 chapters, with each chapter written by one author each. The book is therefore more of essay introduction, a compilation of 5 essays on various pre-assigned topics given to the authors, and thus certain overlap may be present. Punishment Essays? The book starts off with a preface written by Clark Pinnock, followed by the first chapter written by Richard Rice on Biblical Support for a New Perspective . Chapter 2 is on Historical Considerations by John Sanders. Chapter 3 is on Systematic Theology by Clark H. Pinnock, with chapter 4 on A Philosophical Perspective by William Hasker, and David Basinger finishes the series in chapter 5 on Practical Implications . Essay? Thus, the authors attempt to essays against cover various fields of theology, philosophy and Christian living in papers on bowling, order to show why their position is biblical and capital against superior to other views. In the Preface, Clark Pinnock tried to holt showcase that this model of theirs is one that is most consistent biblically and philosophically, as well as practically, and capital is a viable alternative to research papers on bowling that of classical theism on the one hand and process theology on capital punishment essays the other (p. 9). Pre Algebra And Practice Workbook? However, right at essays the onstart, Pinnock made an error in enacting a strawman, in the area of emerson essay prudence, petitionary prayer. OK, it is essays against, not so much a strawman as in Pinnock putting forward a view of petitionary prayer which is found within Evangelicalism but which is not embraced by biblical theism. Essay Introduction? Specifically, Pinnock seems to capital essays think that petitionary prayer is made with a view that 'would require God to [change His mind'] (p.

8), and that the reason why we pray is that the 'future is process, not settled' (p. 7). This is of course erroneous. Capital Punishment? We pray because we want to be used by God in essay, the implementation of punishment essays, His will, and we will pray that 'Your Will be done' (Mt. Research? 6:10b). Essays Against? That some people do think that prayer changes God's mind or in ways that would require God to change His mind does not mean anything. Pinnock may choose to interact with the inconsistent Christian who do so pray, but in order to prove that His position is better practically, he would need to interact with the biblical rationale for prayer and not the popular misconception that is here presented.

We will look later in papers, the book whether the traditional biblical position on prayer has been interacted with. As we read the book, a major strain of thought can be seen to capital punishment essays against emerge. Open theism as a system develops primarily from papers, philosophical considerations rather than from biblical exegesis , notwithstanding the protests to the contrary. This can be seen especially in the first chapter of the book, or rather the first essay, in which RIchard Rice has the honor and privilege of defining the capital punishment essays, Open Theism system and then attempting to muster support for his position from the Scriptures, while refuting criticisms from traditional Christian views, which we shall look at now. Analysis of Chapter 1. Richard Rice starts by research papers defining both the traditional view of God and capital essays against then the introduction, open view of God, followed by trying to muster support for the open view from Scripture. We would look at the definitions of the open view of God first before examining the punishment against, passages Rice uses in an attempt to support his position. Humanistic pre-occupation with love.

When one looks at the open view as set forth by Rice, it could be seen that the love of God is the central characteristic that is being focused on in this system. According to Rice, 'love is the emerson prudence, first and last word in the biblical portrait of God' (p. 18), quoting 1 Jn. 4:8 to that effect. He further states that the 'statement that God is love is as close as the punishment essays, Bible comes to giving us a definition of the divine reality' and essay that 'Christian theology has always given this expression pride of place among the many descriptions of God' (p. 18). He claims also that 'there is widespread theological support for the idea that love is central to both the revelation and the reality of God' (p. 19). Rice then quotes neo-orthodox theologian Karl Barth in his Church Dogmatics who states that 'God love because . this act is His being, His essence and His nature' (p. Punishment Essays? 20).

Rice further quotes the neo-orthodox theologian Emil Brunner who says that 'love is not a mere quality or attribute that God happens to have in common with other beings; it is the very nature of God Himself' (p. 20). Rice also quotes Walter Kasper and holt pre algebra Wolfhart Pannenberg who both emphasized the importance of essays, God's attribute of love. Pannenberg is also quoted as saying that 'Only in the love of God does the concrete form of his (God) essence come to expression.' (p. Homework And Practice Workbook Answer Key? 20). With all this stated, Rice made the following statements, that 'Consequently, when we enumerate God's qualities, we must put love at the head of the list' and that 'Love is the concrete reality that unifies all of the attributes of God. A doctrine of God that is capital against, faithful to the Bible must show that all of God's characteristics derive from love' (p. And Practice Workbook? 21). From what has been seen so far, Rice has decided to place God's love as being of primary importance and thus the capital punishment essays against, lens upon which all Scripture is to be interpreted, and this is the lens whereby he reads all of Scripture in order to support his open theism. However, does the emerson essay prudence, Bible warrants such an emphasis placed upon the love of God, or is that something Rice has just decided to embrace without any biblical support?

Now, when looking at this topic, it must be said that Scripture definitely emphasizes God's love. What is being discussed is not whether God's love is important, but whether it is of primary significance, or more significantly, whether it only is of primary significance. My contention is punishment against, that the attribute of God as love is not the only attribute of benefits sports essay, primary significance and therefore Rice has already erred in the first instance. What does it mean for an attribute of God to punishment essays be of primary significance? This means that that is definitional of God and is not derived from some other attribute of God. For example, God's mercy cannot be said to be of primary significance, as mercy is an attribute that is derived from God's sovereignty and God's love. The verse used to proof-text Rice's contention that God's love is THE only primary attribute of essay, God, 1 Jn. 4:8, does not supports this thesis of his. Granted, it does say that God is love and therefore shows that this attribute of God is of primary significance. However, it is essays against, one thing to say that the love of God is of primary significance and another thing to say that ONLY the love of God is of primary significance.

Nowhere does Rice show why we should accept this leap of logic, except that he quotes various theologians to that effect. In Relation? However, in the absence of Scriptural support, this constitutes a false appeal to capital punishment authority. Furthermore, of the prudence, theologians he quoted, of least two (Karl Barth and Emil Brunner) are neo-orthodox theologians who are unorthodox at best. Capital Punishment? Therefore, Rice's hermeneutical grid has been shown to be unscriptural at best. However, even if we accept Rice's hermeneutical matrix, the question is to be asked as to what God being love means. As it has been said, the fact that God is love is actually bad news for us sinners. Because God is love, He must hate us sinners, since He is holt pre algebra homework and practice answer, good while we are evil.

Therefore, the only way that Rice's hermeneutical matrix can make sense is that the love of God is being redefined to a modern humanistic understanding of love. The verse Ps. Capital Essays Against? 50:21 comes to mind: These things you have done, and I have been silent; you thought that I was one like yourself . But now I rebuke you and lay the charge before you. (Ps. 50:21) With that stated, let us look at the biblical evidence. The biblical evidence: Old Testament. Under Old Testament evidences for the Openness of of high, God, Rice uses the narrative portion of Scripture to punishment essays show forth God's feelings, as the 'inner life of God' (p. 24). He also quotes the essay, Jewish theologian Abraham Joshua Heschel as saying that 'Hosea . came to see that the anguish his troubled marriage brought him was a mirror of the divine pathos, that his sorrow echoed the sorrow of God ' (p.

26), and that 'Whatever man does affects not only his own life, but also the capital punishment essays against, life of God . He is Motivation, a consort, a partner, a factor in the life of God' (p. 26). Rice also used the narrative portions of the Old Testament to show that God changes His mind; His intentions, which we shall hereby look into detail now. First of all, with regards to the 'feelings of God', Rice has made a valid point that God does have feelings. However, the fact is that traditional theism does not dispute that God has feelings. What traditional theism has always believe regarding the attribute of God being impassable is that God's emotions are not involuntary and punishment are controlled by God. In other words, God does not have mood swings [1] . From this article, it can be seen that Rice has created a strawman caricature of the traditional theist position as saying that we are saying that God is 'untouched by the disappointment, sorrow or suffering of his creatures' (p. 12), or that 'the real God of the Bible is pre algebra workbook, made of sterner stuff. . so the tender feelings we read of in the prophets are merely examples of poetic license' (p. 25).

This is not true of the traditional theist position at all, and to caricature our position as saying that God is a metaphysical iceberg which have no true feelings is plainly wrong. With regards as to how we can reconcile the facts that God has feelings without compromising his impassibility, we will say that His feelings are fixed reactions to circumstances that happen in time. Therefore, God will always have that feeling towards a particular circumstance and that feeling would be manifested when the circumstance presents itself. God therefore has control over His emotions which are an expressions of capital against, His many attributes. As an example, God would show anger over rebellion against Him because of His attribute of holiness which manifests in a hatred of sin. Emerson? Therefore, it never be said that God changes in His feelings, just that they are manifested depending on what the situation is, which changes over time. To put it simply, God's feelings are eternally demarcated, but they are manifested ad extra only when the scenario demands it. With regards to God's intention, the easiest response to punishment essays against Rice is to point out that the fact that he is gleaning theology from narrative rather than didactic accounts. This is definitely an illegitimate tactic in essay its future, biblical interpretation, especially since the didactic account (i.e.

Num. Essays Against? 23:19 where it is stated that God does not change his mind) contradicts his position. In opposition to Stephan Charnock's position that when the Bible says that 'when God turns from prudence, love to wrath, or from wrath to love, this describes a change in the way people relate to God, not in capital essays against, the way he relates to benefits of high school sports them', Rice points out the fact that in the case of Moses' intercession, God relents in direct response to Moses' plea, not as a consequence of the people's repentance of their apostasy (p. 28). Rice goes further in saying that all these incidents whereby God seems to change his plans indicates that human intercession can influence God's actions (p. 29). In response to this assertion by Rice, we would say that just because a narrative seems to say that God relents and changes his mind doesn't mean that God ever intended to do that action anyway. As Rice has noticed, Moses' appeal in his intercession before God presupposes that God's ultimate purposes must be carried out, which would not be able to be carried out if God had destroyed the Israelites as He has threatened to do (Ex. 32:10). Punishment Against? Rice, however, uses this episode to say that God's ultimate objectives requires Him to change His intermediate intentions (p.

28). To this, however, we respond and ask Rice where is it stated in Scripture that God has such an immediate intention to wipe out the Israelites. Of course, none can be found, for although God threatened to wipe them out, this does not imply that it is God's intention to Motivation in relation control do so. Rice has here confused between command/preference and intention [2] , as if God expressing a hypothetical wish to capital punishment against wipe out the Israelites means that He will in actuality wants to do so. This is process essay introduction, similarly the case with Jonah and Nineveh (p. 31) and the sayings of Jeremiah in Jer. Punishment Essays Against? 18:7-10 (p. 31-32). Rice next attempts to control utilize God's promises to David, as they seemed to be an unconditional one as opposed to that made to Saul (2 Sam.

7:15-16) and make a case that they are actually conditional as in capital punishment essays against, the end, the physical Kingdom also ended. He then states that evidently God attached conditions to His promise, even they were not spelled out at first (p. Research? 30). Capital Punishment Essays? However, this only goes to show Rice's either ignorance or purposely ignoring the true nature of the Davidic Covenant, which is fulfilled in Jesus, who is an eternal King over His people. Next, Rice got down to prudence addressing the essays, passages in Num.

23:19 and benefits school essay 1 Sam. 15:29 which state that God does not change His mind. To get around these verses, he states that 'the word repent in both instance is used synonymously with the word lie . . not that God never changes, but that God never says one thing while fully intending to do something else. Only in this limited sense of the word does God not repent ' (p. 33). However, is that the correct way to interpret the verses? Is the capital punishment against, word repent really the same as the essay, word lie ? Yes, there seems to capital essays be some sort of parallelism in Num. 23:19 between the phrases 'man, that He should lie' and 'son of man, that He should change His mind', but parallelism does not necessarily mean that the terms are synonymous; they only mean that there is some close relations between the terms. In this case, the close relation could be that both are things which are characteristic of Motivation to weight, Man. In any case, even if I were to grant the case for punishment against Num.

23:19, this would not hold true for 1 Sam. 15:29, where a different word for lie was used compared to essay that used in capital against, Num. 23:19 ( Shaqar in 1 Sam. 15:29 instead of kazab in Num. School? 23:19). Therefore, Rice's contention that the verses actually mean that God does not 'repent' in the sense of saying one thing while fully intending to do another thing is wrong. Anyway, this is capital against, indeed a novel (re)definition of the word 'repent', which makes it definitely unlikely that the verses actually mean. Rice next make a logical fallacy by saying that the sentence that 'God will not repent presupposes the general possibility that God can repent when he chooses' (p. 33). Using basic Aristotelian logic, it can be seen that just because there are elements from a set G (God) having elements outside the set R (those who can repent) does not mean that there are elements from G in the set R [ G ⊃

R does not imply that G ⊃R ]. The final part in homework and practice, this argument (which had been more philosophical than exegetical so far) is capital, with regards to God's actions.Rice correctly stated that in a passage supposed to discuss biblical evidences, this was not the place to develop a philosophy of action (p. 36). However, he states that in order for God to acts, he must first make a decision before He acts. This has no bearing in the discussion, however, as God could be said to make all the decisions before the foundation of the in relation to weight control, world.

Only if you postulate a God who changes His intentions could such a thing be a problem for the traditional position. The biblical evidence: New Testament. Rice's main evidences for open theism in the New Testament centeres on capital essays against the life, ministry and death of of high essay, Jesus. From what he has written, it seems that his main thought is capital punishment essays against, that: if he establishes the papers, fact that Jesus has emotions and that he changes his emotions while on earth, then Open Theism is established. This can be seen in the statement he made towards the end of this segment where he states that Identifying God with Jesus leads us ultimately to the conclusion that what Jesus experienced in the depths of his anguish was experienced by God Himself' (p. 46).

However, is that a valid argument? Now, it is capital essays against, irrefutable that Jesus experienced change while he was on earth. That is a given, as well as the holt pre algebra and practice, fact that Jesus experience a wide range of punishment essays against, emotions. However, to essay newspaper its future say that because Jesus experienced change means that God experience change is questionable. Jesus is indeed God, but God is essays against, not Jesus, as Rice insisted (p. 39). God is introduction, a Trinity; 3 persons in capital punishment, 1 God, and therefore the process, statement that God is Jesus is erroneous [3] . Furthermore, in historic orthodox Christology, we do know that Jesus 'picked up' a human nature at the Incarnation, thus He who was formerly only God as the Second Person of the Trinity is now 100% God and 100% Man. Picking up from there, it can be said that Jesus experienced change as part of His human nature. If such were the punishment, case, which it is, then Rice's entire argument would be rendered invalid. As a side note, it would be interesting to note that Rice's beliefs regarding the doctrine of the Atonement seems rather strange.

First, he misinterprets Jn. 12:32-33 cf. 3:14 as stating that the Cross is 'the place where Jesus' identity is fully known' (p. 44), which is wrong as a look at the context would show. Jesus is pre algebra homework and practice workbook key, saying that the Cross is where He would draw people to Himself, in other words He would save His people from their sins by dying on the Cross, using an analogy to the status of the serpent which Moses made and raised up during his time. Further down, it could be seen that Rice regarded the essays against, Atonement as a place whereby God suffered to provide an offer of salvation to process essay introduction all. Of course, we can immediately discount the 'God suffered' bit, as we have already shown that Jesus suffered does not necessarily means that God suffers in the same way. Punishment Essays Against? From the statement, we can also see Rice believes in the theory of Universal Atonement and seems to Motivation in relation to weight control play down the propitiatory portion of the Atonement of our Lord Jesus Christ. Problem passages: Interactions. In this section, Rice attempts to interact with the main passages that would pose a problem for the Open view.

The first group of punishment against, Num. 23:19 and papers on bowling 1 Sam. 15:29 has already been addressed above, so we would look at how Rice continues on from there. Rice hereby acknowledges that God in some respects does not change as what Num. 23:19 and 1 Sam.

15:29 has said and in which he has limited to the expression to. Therefore, he states that 'both change and changelessness [can be attributed] to God if we apply them to different aspects of His being' (p. 48). He then states that aspects of punishment, divinity are completely unaffected by in relation to weight control anything else whereas God's concrete relation to the world is where God is dynamic with respect to his experience of it (p. 48). This sounds all very nice, until you start questioning who determines which aspect of God get placed into which category. Which aspect of God are aspects of divinity? The list made by capital punishment Rice seems rather arbitrary.

After all, why must God's character be a 'divine attribute' since God would be affected by the things which would happen while on earth? It can be seen therefore that Rice has opened a Pandora's Box which has the potential to lead one back to Process Theology and Liberal Theology. The next text which Rice interacts with is that in Ex. 3:14a, where God reveals Himself as the great I AM . Rice falsely appeals to authority of 'biblical and systematic theologians today' (p. 49), to say that our traditional interpretation of this text as being a statement revealing the ontological being of God is pre algebra homework and practice key, false, favorably quoting the neo-orthodox theologian Emil Brunner to that effect [4] . However, besides making appeals to authority, Rice has never tell us why the traditional view is wrong, and therefore the capital punishment, traditional view stands. Rice next take on the topic of prophecy, primarily focusing on the genre of pre algebra homework workbook key, conditional prophecies, or those whose fulfillment depended on capital certain human responses coming true. As an example, Jonah and of high sports essay the city of Nineveh was used. However, the fact of the matter is that God did not tell Jonah whether Nineveh was to capital punishment against be destroyed or saved in the end, only to warn and research papers on bowling speak against them (Jon.

1:2; 3:2), thus the point is invalid. Essays? Rice next focuses on promises of blessings and destructions as stated in Jer. 18, conveniently forgetting they were never prophecies but only warnings that the Lord was communicating to the Israelites. Next, Rice made the astonishing claim that God intended Saul to permanently be the king of Israel (in other words David was an afterthought). Research On Bowling? This is of course not found in Scripture, unless you claim that when God expressed regret over choosing Saul, God is truly surprised by the events that have unfolded.

Of course, since the kings and the ultimate King of Kings were to have come from the capital essays, tribe of Judah (Gen. 49:10) and process essay introduction not Benjamin anyway, it could be seen that God's intentions have always been for David to be the king of essays, Israel. not Saul (Saul was just an object lesson). Rice's preoccupation with conditional prophecies, however, blinds him to the more important fact of most prophecies which are not conditional at all, like the prophecies regarding the coming of Christ, or that of the end times, or even something as simple as the destruction of Jerusalem (Mk. 13:1-2). Homework And Practice Workbook? If the open view was truly correct, how could it allow for the possibility of the capital essays, fulfillment of prophecies, especially those that are next to impossible to fulfil (like those of the process essay, life of Christ).

Prophecy is thus a very problematic topic for the Open theists, unless they were to embrace at least a form of Molinism at this point. Foreknowledge and punishment essays predestination. The last major biblical theme which Rice addresses is that of foreknowledge and on bowling predestination. Consistent with his Arminianism, Rice attempts to use the Arminian prooftexts 2 Pet. Capital Punishment? 3:9 and research 1 Tim. 2:4 cf. Tit.

2:11 to say that God desires the salvation of essays against, all man, with 'all' here referring to every single person head for head, in order to make the point that not everything that God desires will be accomplished. Putting it broadly, the essay, 'fact that God foreknows or predestines something does not guarantee that it will happen, the fact that God determines part of history does not mean that he determines all of history, . ' (p. 56). Rice also uses the punishment, usual Arminian explanation of predestination in for example Rom. 9 as being a 'corporate call to service' (p. 56). In this area, Rice does not interact with the biblical texts unlike his opponents on this very topic and process introduction therefore his 'explanation' seems to be more along the lines of how open theism can fit into the Arminian system rather than engaging the Calvinist position. In fact, Rice calls Arminians to task on their interpretation of 2 Pet.

3:9 and 1 Tim. 2:4 as being inconsistent with the classic Arminian doctrine of foreknowledge and more in capital punishment, line with open theism. I would leave the Arminians to in relation to weight control attempt to defend their position from open theists like Rice, while agreeing with Rice that Arminianism is inconsistent at this point. From a biblical Calvinist perspective, we deny the interpretation of the Arminian prooftexts 2 Peter 3:9, 1 Tim. 2:4 etc, and capital essays against also the Arminian understanding of predestination.

A look at Rom. 9 for example in context would demonstrate the error of the Arminian position, as they can for example never account for the analogy of the benefits of high school sports essay, vessels of against, mercy and the vessels of control, wrath which are clearly referring to individuals in Rom. 9: 21-23. After analyzing the Scriptures, it can be seen that Rice's contention falls short of what he sets out to do. The Scriptures can be seen not to support Open Theism, and in fact actually pose a lot of problems for it, especially on capital essays against the topics of prophecy and God's foreknowledge and predestination. Analysis of chapter 2. This chapter is written by John Sanders on its future historical considerations attempts to 'document the manner in which I [Sanders] believe the Greek metaphysical system boxed up the God described in the Bible and punishment against the tremendous impact this has had in shaping the Christian understandings . ' (p. 60). It thus traces the beliefs of various philosophers and research theologians throughout Western history. Sander's main point of contention is that the traditional understanding of punishment against, God as being immutable and impassable is derived from Greek philosophy rather than the Scriptures. We have already seen that in the review of the essay newspaper its future, previous chapter that Open Theism is not tenable in the light of Scripture.

It would thus be interesting to interact with Sanders' thesis to see whether what he postulates is against, really true. Sanders first starts off by suggesting that 'many of us do read the emerson essay prudence, Bible initially as saying that God responds to us and may change His mind' (p. 59). Capital Punishment Essays Against? However, I find such a claim questionable. Holt Homework And Practice Workbook Key? Is he really so sure of that as being normative for most Christians, or only capital punishment among the Christians he interacts with? As for this reviewer, I disagree with Sanders on this. Certainly, as a young Christian, our knowledge of God is very shallow.

However, I have never thought of research on bowling, my prayer changing God's mind. God responding to my prayer, yes, but my prayer does not change His mind. When I pray, I believe that God would respond by giving me the best, which I secretly hope is what I want of course. However, I never once believed that God changes His mind on any matter at all. Sanders in this statement thus attempt to capital against drive a wedge against the doctrine of foreknowledge using the perspicuity of of high school essay, Scripture, but it is invalid as his statement is not true at least for me and capital punishment essays against can never be proven to be true of Christians in general. One major problem with Sanders' thesis is that to postulate that the research on bowling, concept (not just the language) of immutability and impassibility as applied to punishment against God as being Greek concepts and not Christian concepts, it must be the case that in Greek thought there must be only one concept of benefits, God in these aspects. Essays Against? In other words, there cannot exist in Greek thought concurrently the workbook, concept of God being immutable and that of being mutable, or being passable and impassable. If that were to be the case, then either way Christianity can be said to imbibe on Greek thought either way, since both logically contradictory positions are covered by Greek thought. Capital Essays Against? And this is what we will see to the case in Greek culture. The gods present in the popular Greek religion are mutable and passable, whereas the philosopher's Ideal or idea of God is school sports, immutable and impassable. Since this is the essays, case, how then can Sanders prove his position?

We could say that the Open Theists view is actually the Christianization of Greek popular religion , and emerson prudence that would be even more accurate, since the capital against, worldviews of both the modern age and during the times of the Greeks are very similar. The second major problem in Sanders' argument lies in Motivation in relation, the fact that he commits the fallacy of post hoc ergo propter hoc (or reading causality from sequential turn of events). For example, when talking the Jewish philosopher Philo of Alexandria, Sanders entitled the section ' Philo the Bridge from the Greeks to the Christians '. Sanders said that for Philo, 'the Greek metaphysical understanding of divinity ruled his interpretation of the biblical texts that describe God as genuinely responsive' (p. 71). Sanders then carried on punishment essays against walking down the corridors of time to the early church fathers like Ignatius and Justin Martyr (p. 73), Tertullian, Origen (p.

74-75), Athanasius and the Cappodocian fathers (p. 77-80), and benefits sports of course through Augustine (p. 80-85), the Reformers (p. 87-91), and down through the modern age (p. 91-98). However, by so doing, Sanders has only proven that the Hellenic thought of God being immutable and essays impassable was similar to that of the early Christians, and that the early church fathers struggled with the essay prudence, topic, all of capital punishment essays, which does not prove causality at process all. As it has been said in the previous paragraph, that one aspect of Greek thought seems to win out over the other in being preserved in Christianity means nothing, for there are no other options between A and. A (the law of the excluded middle). Sanders' essay, while interesting, does not prove his case at capital punishment against all. From Sander's essay, it can be seen that Sanders is either not above enacting strawman or is ignorant of what the in relation, other position actually teaches. In numerous places, he states that classic theism teaches that 'we are like donkeys who go where the essays against, rider bids but cannot choose the rider' (p.

88), which is an expression of hard determinism or fatalism, that we conjoin the Motivation, 'loving, interactive God of the punishment essays, Bible' with 'the static, independent God of Greek metaphysics' (p. On Bowling? 95-96). Punishment Essays? However, classic theism has never depicted humans as robots, nor that we do not have free agency. Sanders furthermore states that in classical theism, 'it became commonplace to deny any real suffering of the Son and it was difficult to speak of relationally within the Godhead' (p. 100), an assertion blatantly false within evangelicalism. Sanders has also used the underhand tactic of poisoning the holt pre algebra homework and practice key, well, as he said that the Reformers 'did not turn their backs on the entire Christian tradition to go directly to the Bible for their theologies' (p. 87), and essays against that John Calvin denied 'the obvious meaning of the text' (p. 90), as if Sanders could very well read the motives of the Reformers, and of course of the early church fathers whom he accused of synthesizing 'biblical and philosophical God concepts' (p. 72). As we survey the historical landscape, Sanders seems to Motivation distrust the essays against, providence of God in essay, preserving true doctrine. Since the nature of God and of God's activity is so vital to Christianity, why it is that God cannot preserve His Truth from influence by punishment against Hellenic thought, as Sander insinuates?

Why is it that such a vital topic has been corrupted so early in church history ( 100AD) according to Sanders, and process essay introduction only rediscovered by theologians and philosophers in capital against, the late 20th century who have been influenced by liberal theologians and neo-orthodox theologians? In conclusion, Sanders' thesis is flawed and thus does not establish what he sets out to do. Analysis of Chapter 3. In this chapter, Clark Pinnock attempts to build up on the efforts of Richard Rice in chapter 1 and John Sanders in chapter 2 by looking at how various doctrines in systematic theology is to relate in an open theist view. Thus, Pinnock covers various doctrines such as the Trinity, the Creation, God's Transcendence and Immanence, the Power of God, the essay, immutability and impassibility of God, God's eternity and divine knowledge. Capital? We would just look at essay prudence a few of them here, skipping the immutability and impassibility of God section since they have been thoroughly discussed before. First of all, we can observe that Pinnock, as with other open theists, places unbiblical emphasis on love and punishment also misrepresent the classical theist position as being that of an aloof monarch. It seems also that he equates having a God who interacts with His people = experiencing the openness of God, which goes to show he doesn't understand traditional theism.

Nevertheless, let's move on to the doctrines in relation to Open Theism. The first doctrine to be discussed is the doctrine of the Trinity. Pinnock made the essay, statement that the 'Trinity points to a relational ontology in which God is more like a dynamic event than a simple substance' (p. 108). This is indeed a strange statement, unless of course you define relationship as of necessity being susceptible to changes. The orthodox position is that the three person in the Godhead are bound in punishment, a relation of control, perfect love towards each other, which is not 'dynamic'. In other words, we deny that having a relation necessitates the relation being dynamic and subject to punishment essays against changes. I doubt that Pinnock is essay its future, saying that God the Father can suddenly have a 'mood swing' and decided not to love God the Son, but this is what being dynamic mean; possessing a capacity to change in your feelings.

Pinnock confounds matters by saying that God as a social Trinity is 'the perfection of capital, love and communion, the very antithesis of pre algebra and practice workbook key, self-sufficiency' (p. 108), and that God would invite us creatures to 'share the richness of the capital against, divine fellowship as His friends' (p. 108). From this, it can be seen that Pinnock has erred in his doctrine of the Trinity. Research Papers? First of all, it is true that each person in the Trinity is not self-sufficient as there is no communion in one person. However, what orthodox theism has always proclaimed is that God consists of capital essays, three persons who is essay, self-sufficient in and of Himself, having perfect and unchanging love and communion within the three different persons in capital against, the Trinity. Therefore, just because love and communion exist within the Trinity does not imply that God is not self-sufficient in and of Himself, since God is papers, three persons in one God. Pinnock's second statement above is also wrong, in fact very wrong. Against? First of all, he confuses between Jesus as the Son of God Son of process, Man and capital against Jesus as the Second person of the Trinity. Jesus as the Son of prudence, God has taken up a human nature at his incarnation, and it is punishment essays, this human nature which invites us to introduction be his friends and enable us to have fellowship with God.

Thus, it is not true that God invite us to share the riches of the capital essays, divine fellowship, as we can never as finite time-bound creatures participate in in relation control, the eternal relationship between the members of the capital punishment, Godhead. What Jesus offers is that through him as the mediator, we have fellowship with God, but never to intrude into what we cannot enter into in the first place (the intra-Trinity relationship). By confusing between Jesus as the Son of God and Jesus as the second person of the Trinity, Pinnock has made a serious error. Without this confusion on his part, traditional theism has no problems with the doctrine of the process introduction, Trinity and the loving relationship within the Trinity. Pinnock's next take on punishment essays against Creation is consistent with his semi-Pelagianism. Research? If one were to reject semi-Pelagianism and Arminianism, then Pinnock's point regarding the punishment essays against, Creation is of no consequence, as we deny that there is such a thing as 'free will', especially as defined by philosophers as 'libertarian free will'. Closely related to this is Pinnock's take on God's transcendence and immanence. The Open theist view emphasizes more on the Immanence portion and in fact have a strange definition of immanence. Emerson Prudence? As opposed to God's immanence being defined as God is everywhere is all creation, as in there is no place whereby God is not around, Pinnock offers a definition of God's immanence that is panentheistic ! According to Pinnock's words, 'The world and God are not radically separated realities God is present within every created being' (p. 111), citing Acts 17:28 to the effect.

Of course, Acts 17:28 is meant to capital essays against prove God's immanence, but not Pinnock's definition of 'immanence', but that God sustains all things and thus every action we take is sustain by Him. Pinnock next tells us that we need to recover the 'immanence' of God, which 'helps us to research papers relate to punishment essays against the new creation story being supplied by modern science' (p. 113). Of course, Pinnock's suggestion is noting short of blasphemy! The world is not somehow part of God, as panentheism teaches! If that is what open theism leads to, we are to avoid it like the plague. With regards to science, Pinnock seems too enamored by it, but for those who know the truth, we do not have to kowtow to the idol of what is falsely called science, which is just pure secular humanistic naturalism in disguise. Science can never be used to prove truth, especially when it concerns events whereby no one could confirm the exact circumstances surrounding it [5] . Pinnock next talks about the power of God.

In his system, of course, God cannot be omnipotent, as he himself admits [6] . He uses the 'love' of God as the 'primary perfection of God' to de-emphasize the almighty power of God (p. 114). Other places, Pinnock seems to just impose his emotions to dismiss a view, calling the idea of total control 'an alarming concept and contrary to the Scriptures' (p. 114), of course without showing why this is so, unless we admit his definition of God's love which we reject as being humanistic. When discussing the emerson, system known as biblical compatibilism, which reconciles freedom and determinism at capital the same time, Pinnock calls it 'sleight of hand and does not work' (p. 114-115), again without showing why this is so. What Pinnock does is to pull out the 'problem' of the Motivation in relation control, Fall and capital of the fact of research papers, evil, as these somehow discounts compatibilism. Pinnock then pulls out a few example of apparent contradictions from compatibilism and then denounce them as nonsense, without showing why this is so. Probably this is so alien to against his thought process.

Anyway, Pinnock then postulates a god who has a 'paradox of strength and research on bowling vulnerability' (p. 115). It is somehow interesting that for Pinnock, his god can have paradoxes, while other groups' paradoxes are nonsense. I think his double standardness speaks for punishment essays itself. With regards to God's eternity, Pinnock raises the philosophical question of whether God is temporally everlasting or timelessly eternal, and then argue against the theory that God is timeless. Regardless of which is correct, God is controller of time, as He is the Alpha and Omega, the process, beginning and the end.(Rev.

1:8; 22:13), therefore Pinnock's contention that God 'enters into the experience of time' (p. 121), with the exception of Jesus during His Incarnation,. is unscriptural. When talking about God's divine knowledge, the term omniscience is redefined by capital punishment essays Pinnock as he rampages through systematic theology. According to Pinnock, 'omniscience need not mean exhaustive foreknowledge of all fixed events' (p. 121), which is a radical redefinition of the term. Motivation In Relation To Weight? Of course, to support his stand on omniscience, Pinnock tell us that if the future is fixed, then we are not held responsible.

However, this is capital essays against, a philosophical concept and is contradicted by Scripture, which tell us that we are responsible even if we cannot do otherwise, with the simplest example being that all Man would go to hell unless they repent, but no one can do so of their own accord, not to mention about those who did not even have an opportunity to hear the Gospel [7] . Pinnock supports his limited knowledge theory with evidence from the narrative accounts of process, Scripture, conveniently dismissing the didactic ones. In an attempt to capital punishment put down the process essay, biblical position of God being omniscience, Pinnock post the question to us as to whether God ' could create a world where He would not be total control of everything, where He would experience risk and where He would not foreknow all decisions of His creature in capital punishment against, advance', as God is all-powerful (p. 123). However, this question is just as stupid as the question as to whether God could make Himself don't exist. Workbook? God cannot do anything that will compromise any of capital against, His attributes, and thus Pinnock's question is utterly nonsensical, on the same level as to whether God can make a round square.

Pinnock then make the remarkable statement that under the open theist system, 'more power and on bowling wisdom are required for God to bring His will to pass in a world that He does not control than in one that He did control' (p. 124). Problems of how to define which is punishment, harder for God to make aside (I personally think that it is harder for God to on bowling make a world whereby He can exercise total control and yet people operate as if there is little control over their lives), the question is not which is harder, but which is consistent with God's character and attributes, and on against this Open Theism fails as shown in the analysis of chapter 1 above. And with this, it is time to process enter the lion's den of philosophy, the punishment against, basis upon which Open Theism originates, with William Hasker, Analysis of chapter 4. As this is purely philosophical in argumentation, I would touch on the points stated here rather briefly, as with regards to the errors of logical reasoning committed by Hasker, and newspaper any issues which conflict with biblical reasoning. Early on, we can start to see something very pertinent in against, Hasker's thinking.

Hasker was remarking that if God were to be imperfect in some significant way, then we might still worship Him but our worship would be thus tinged with disappointment, 'with regret for what might have been had God not suffered from this particular imperfection' (p. 132). He then mentions that we should reject such possibilities and to see in God the sum of all perfections. However, the entire reasoning exercise he undertook reveals something, that Hasker seems to think there is such a thing as perfection apart from God. However, apart from God, how can anyone define what 'perfect' means?

If it is done according to papers on bowling philosophical arguments, then that shows the anthropocentricity of capital essays against, Hasker's thought. The first error made by Hasker is with regards to perfect being theology, or rather the holt pre algebra homework and practice workbook, argument advanced by punishment essays Plato to argue for God being a perfect being. Plato regards change as either for the better or for the worse, so therefore a perfect being, being perfect cannot change, for if he change, it can only emerson be for the worse, and punishment essays against thus he cease to be perfect. Therefore, according to Plato, the perfect being must not be subject to change and newspaper is changeless. Capital Essays? Hasker objects to Plato's argumentation and provides a counter-example of an essay extremely accurate watch, which definitely have different readings over time and whose perfection rely on it changing in reflection to the change in time. Essays? However, what Hasker has provided is essay newspaper its future, not a good analogy, as a watch is build to reflect a change in a changing quality, i.e. time. However, God is not meant to reflect anything, much less qualities which vary over time, thus Hasker's analogy is erroneous.

On the topic of divine omniscience, Hasker uses a philosophical argument to prove that God's knowledge is somehow limited. He comes up with the following proposition: Susan was married last Saturday and states categorically that God knows the proposition for exactly one week: before that, He does not know it because it is not yet true, and afterward He does not know it because it is no longer true (p. 136). However, this can be seen to be a matter of semantics and has nothing to do with divine omniscience. In Hasker's case, divine omniscience means that God knows that on week (i.e. Capital Punishment Essays? X) , the statement Susan was married last Saturday is research on bowling, true, and he know this fact [that the statement would be true on week X] before, during and after the punishment against, week. To use temporally true statements to disprove that God knows the emerson prudence, truth of a particular statement is wrong, as such statements by their very nature have a limited time span. Hasker continues the rest of his chapter in looking at the various systems of capital punishment against, theology concerned with God's knowledge and Man's free will. In all, he covers 5 systems: Process Theology, Calvinism, Molinism, Simple Foreknowledge and Open Theism.

I would comment only on the Calvinism and Open Theism sections, since I agree with Hasker on the main criticism he has of of high sports essay, Process Theology, Molinism and Simple Foreknowledge. In particular, Hasker does a masterful job of capital punishment against, destroying Simple Foreknowledge as being absurd and leading either to determinism or a denial of foreknowledge, thus showing the inconsistency of Arminianism. Thus, it is true that 'If there are actions that are free in the libertarian sense, it is logically impossible for process essay God to know in advance how such actions will turn out' (p. 148). The first major objection that Hasker puts forward against essays, Calvinism is that Calvinism undermines the pre algebra answer key, notion of believers enjoying a relationship with God (p. 142). As with several people, Hasker puts the strawman objection that Calvinism makes humans into puppets who are controlled by a puppet-master, or a ventriloquist having a conversation with his dummy (p.

142). Hasker acknowledges that the analogies are inadequate and punishment essays thus came up with the analogy of in relation to weight, a robot whose program is capital punishment, designed by a computer wizard who thus can anticipate the robot's responses to an indefinitely large variety of situations (p. 143). Process Essay Introduction? As an analogy, this analogy sounds much better. However, it would do for essays against us to look into Scripture rather than think whether we like the analogy being presented.

Hasker however does not interact with the Calvinist view except to say that it is unappealing as an account of our personal relationship with God, and he does not go further into why this is so. Unfortunately (for Hasker), I do not see any problem with this account of our personal relationship with God. The main objection that Hasker puts forward to Calvinism is the 'phenomena of emerson, sin and moral evil' He rightly says that it is inconsistent to say that God desires for all to essays against be saved, when he has eternally decreed that some would be lost (p. 143), and process I agree with him. That's why I have always denied that God desires that all should be saved; God only desires the punishment essays, salvation of the elect, but God has commanded and 'wants' the repentance of all Man. With regards to moral evil, Rom. 8:28 could be used to show that God is using all these moral evil, in process, fact all types of evil, for the good of His elect. All evil will in the end function to punishment essays against bring maximum glory to God, and Motivation control that is our response to Hasker. It must be said that we deny that God creates evil, as Hasker thinks that we do (p.

143). Evil is not something that has to be created. Evil is the absence of good, and thus it is not created as much as darkness is capital against, created. Just as darkness is Motivation, created by removing light, so evil is 'created' by removing goodness. Therefore, God does not need to create evil, by not giving goodness, evil will result. Furthermore, we would like to take note that Hasker's objection to Calvinism is purely philosophical at this point, without interaction with the texts of capital essays against, e.g.

Rom.9, which is a pity, since Calvinism's strength is seen through the exegesis of Scripture. Openness of God. As we look at Hasker's defense of his chosen system, we would first note Hasker's first shot at Calvinism, as questioning whether we Calvinists are unable to conceive of an open theist world, and why do we think that God would prefer a world whereby he controls everything (p. In Relation Control? 151). However, the question is not whether we can or cannot conceive of a world in which such a thing happened. The question has always been whether that is what the capital essays against, Scriptures say of how God relates to the world, not whether that is 'restrictive' of God. Hasker, in his attack of Calvinism, states that God deliberately chosen to cause all the horrible evils that afflict our world. This is not exactly true, as it equivocates on the word 'deliberately' to smear Calvinism as saying that God is the 'author of evil', whereas God, though sovereignly allowing evil, does not Himself create evil, as God being good cannot do evil.

However, if we embrace the god of Open theism instead, what do we have but a god who is Motivation in relation control, perpetually distressed due to all the evil on the earth, and who will do little to stop it, because otherwise it would 'violate' someone's freedom. Would you call someone who has the power to stop Hitler's Holocaust but didn't do so good? But that is what Open Theism would lead to, all done in capital punishment, the name of benefits of high school, 'not violating someone's free will'. The Open theists can try to say that we Calvinists believe that God allowed Hitler to come and punishment create the process essay, Holocaust, and punishment essays against that was His will. However, for the Open Theists, their god would see Hitler come into power, got surprised by the atrocities he committed, and yet did not stop him but wait for other people to emerson essay prudence do so. Punishment Essays Against? Therefore, the Motivation in relation control, open theists have not themselves escape the problem they have posed to us.

I would submit, of course, that only when we realize that God is capital punishment against, using all these evils, no matter how bad they are, for a much greater good and His greater glory can we then resolve this problem. I would close off with Hasker's interesting and homework heretical take on conversion. Hasker seems to think that believing in Christ is analogous to punishment a quantum event. Thus, he says that 'even if it is possible, on the open view of God, for all human beings without exception to Motivation to weight reject salvation, still this might be overwhelming improbable so impossible that the risk of such an capital punishment essays against outcome is negligible' (p. 153). He likens such a scenario to holt homework and practice workbook key that of all the oxygen in a room concentrating in a small volume, leaving the rest of the room devoid of oxygen and unable to sustain life, which is impossible. In this, Hasker errs as in denying Total Depravity as taught in Rom. 3:12-18 . In conclusion of this section, Hasker has been shown not to able to prove the superiority of the Open Theism position from capital punishment essays against, a philosophical perspective, only to show that is essay, is possible within a certain paradigm. Against? Also, Hasker's attempted attack on Calvinism has been shown to essay newspaper be not well-founded. Analysis of chapter 5. In this final chapter, David Basinger decides to look at the implications the open view of God would have on 5 major areas of Christian living and theology, namely Petitionary prayer, discernment of God's will, appropriate Christian explanation(s) for essays evil, appropriate Christian response to social problems and the Christian's evangelistic obligations (p.

156). We would tag along and see how Basinger works all of this out in his system. Basinger first tackles the topic of petitionary prayers, or prayers offered to ask something of God. Basinger acknowledges that proponents of specific sovereignty, which includes most who call themselves Calvinists, do believe that there are certain things God would not do if prayer was not offered, but that if it is God's will that such things be carried out, then such a prayer would definitely be offered (p. 158). Benefits Sports? In Basinger's view, such a theory would make such prayer not efficacious in the sense that petitionary prayers 'initiates unilateral divine activity that would not have occurred if we had not utilize our God-given power of choice to request divine assistance' (p.

160). In other words, without the exercise of genuine libertarian free will, petitionary prayer cannot be said to efficacious in Basinger's view. Of course, first of all, we deny that being efficacious must necessitate the actualities of counterfactuals, and therefore we dismiss Basinger's point as being anthropocentric and based more on philosophy than theology. Let us then look then into Basinger's own view of petitionary prayer. Capital Essays? As can be expected, since God is supposed to respect the free will of the creature, the problem the open theist view faces concerns petitionary prayers being offered on behalf of another person. As Basinger states, 'most of us affirm the open view of God doubt that He would override the freedom of one individual primarily because He was asked to do so by another' (p. 161).

As a result, Basinger's position is that we should not petition God on behalf of others, since God should not be asked to interfere with the free will of others. To allow for more variety of views, Basinger, quoting his compatriots William Hasker and John Sanders, says that some of pre algebra homework and practice workbook answer, his fellow Open Theists believe that such prayers offered on behalf of another could result in God using all the noncoercive influence that He can justifiably exert on the person being prayed for (p. 161). Therefore, in other words, even if we allow for against Hasker's and Sanders' position, God may still fail in accomplishing what He sets out to do. Such a position, or worse still, Basinger's position, would make a mockery of intercessory prayer.

It is a fact that Christian worldwide pray that God will bring their loved ones to salvation, but according to Basinger, that is folly, while Hasker's and Sanders' position make God powerless to ensure an answer to such a prayer, except 'I tried'. From this, it could be seen that Open Theism actually guts petitionary prayer of its usefulness and scriptural power. With regards to the next topic of God's guidance, Basinger frankly acknowledges the troubles his system would face with regards to on bowling this topic, but insists that other systems also have faults and thus The Open Theist system is more liveable, stating that at least Open Theists do not need to continually wonder whether they are following God's will for capital essays their lives. Essay? However, that is only applicable to those who do not understand how God's will is worked through their lives, and therefore want visible if not audible guidance. For those who are more interested in following the punishment against, commands and decrees of God, this is papers on bowling, a non-issue. When discussing human suffering, Basinger dismisses the Calvinist belief of evil being nongratuitous that evil must be viewed as a necessary means to a greater good in against, the sense that it is something that God causes or allows because it is Motivation in relation to weight control, a necessary component in His preordained plan. Basinger, unlike Hasker, merely denies that evil is nongratuitous and is honest enough to state that for him, he rejects such reasoning because of the capital essays, psychological benefits it gives him. Basinger then takes on the topic of Social Responsibility. On this topic, he critiques the holt answer, specific sovereignty system as saying that since God is the capital punishment, primary reason why something is so, then there is less impetus for us to research on bowling correct social ills, as opposed to the Open theist position whereby whatever we do would make a 'real impact' on punishment essays the world (p. 172).

This is the same argument he advanced against Calvinism with regards to Evangelistic Responsibility, in saying that in prudence, Calvinism, it can never be said that 'we [humans] bear direct responsibility for the status of capital punishment essays, any other person's relationship with God' (p. 174), whereas in the Open Theist system, such a statement could be said. Essay Introduction? In both of these criticisms, Basinger makes the same error as almost all non-Calvinists in capital against, assuming that somehow ability or inability implies responsibility. Just because God has dictated that such be so does not mean that we are absolved from the responsibility to do otherwise. Our responsibility is tied to what God demands of us, and has nothing whatsoever to do with what God has caused to happen.

Furthermore, it could be the emerson, case whereby God would be using us to correct some social ill or to capital punishment essays share the Gospel with someone, and who are we to suggest otherwise? No one knows the secret things of essay, God (Deut. 29:29) and thus we should not try to second-guess whether such a social ill is punishment against, indeed God's will or whether his will is for us to sports do something about against, it. Similarly, in Motivation in relation, evangelism, we should not EVEN attempt to second-guess God in deciding whether this person or that person is predestined to heaven or hell but to obey God in proclaiming the Gospel and leaving the results to Him. Basinger thus make the same fallacy of confusing ability and capital against responsibility, and thus his arguments are invalid. After analyzing the various essays written in this book, a few commonalities can be seen. All of them have a humanistic view of the love of God and make all other attributes of God subservient to what they think is the love of God. Their system is supported more by philosophy than with sound exegesis of Scripture, as even the so-called biblical support by Richard Rice has shown.

They have also erected strawman of the classical theist position, making our God seem like a metaphysical iceberg. After analyzing all their arguments, it could be safely said that their position is found wanting scripturally, historically, theologically and practically, and papers philosophically not superior to other systems especially the traditional biblical view. Capital Essays Against? As such, since the topic is of such vital importance and they have been found to be wrong, Open theism is declared to be heresy, and their proponents called to repentance in Christ Jesus our Lord. Amen. [1] God without Mood Swings (http://www.spurgeon.org/ phil/articles/impassib.htm) by Phil R. Johnson. [2] This is the same confusion made by many of the 'common grace'/ 'well-meant offer of the introduction, Gospel' crowd. Capital Against? Just because God expresses a preference and even pleads for sinner to repent does not mean that he desire their [actual] repentance. [3] Oneness Pentecostals are a group which do make that claim, but they are not orthodox in their Christology. [4] According to Emil Brunner, it is papers, a disastrous misunderstanding to treat this expression as an ontological definition of God ( Christian Doctrine of God , pp. 120, 128-129). As quoted in Pinnock et. al, The Openness of God , Chapter 1 endnote 71.

[5] This is especially in the field called historical sciences, which evolution is part of. A major presupposition for the theory of evolution is the philosophy of uniformitarianism, which is itself not provable. Capital Essays Against? If this philosophy is wrong, then the research papers, entire evolution 'story' falls apart. [6] In a world reflecting a triune community, God does not monopolize the against, power. (p. 113) [7] It is fact that some open theists, because of their embrace of Open Theism, consistently reject the exclusivity of Christ's gospel and thus grow deeper into heresy.

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